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    文章來源:管理員 發(fā)布時(shí)間:2022-12-16 人氣:

    本文目錄

    如何考一級(jí)建造師?


    報(bào)考條件

    具體學(xué)歷、專業(yè)、工作年限要求如下:

    免試條件

    符合以上報(bào)名條件的人員,如果已經(jīng)獲得《建筑業(yè)企業(yè)一級(jí)項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理資質(zhì)證書》,并且符合下列條件之一,可以免試《建設(shè)工程經(jīng)濟(jì)》和《建設(shè)工程項(xiàng)目管理》2個(gè)科目,具體條件為:

    1、出任過工程或者工程經(jīng)濟(jì)類高級(jí)專業(yè)技術(shù)崗位。

    2、工程類或者工程經(jīng)濟(jì)類??埔陨蠈W(xué)歷,且從事建設(shè)工程項(xiàng)目施工管理工作滿二十年。

    增項(xiàng)報(bào)考條件

    一級(jí)建造師共有建筑工程、公路工程、鐵路工程、民航機(jī)場工程、港口與航道工程、水利水電工程、市政公用工程、通信與廣電工程、礦業(yè)工程和機(jī)電工程10個(gè)專業(yè)類別。

    報(bào)考人員須已取得一級(jí)建造師資格證書方可報(bào)考,成績當(dāng)年有效。原“一級(jí)建造師相應(yīng)專業(yè)考試”檔案號(hào)不再使用。

    一級(jí)建造師增項(xiàng)考試只要參加專業(yè)科目考試即可,不需要再考四科。

    報(bào)名流程

    第一步:考生注冊(cè)

    1.進(jìn)入中國人事考試網(wǎng),點(diǎn)擊“網(wǎng)上報(bào)名”

    第二步、登錄報(bào)名網(wǎng)站

    已有賬號(hào)直接登錄,新用戶需先進(jìn)行注冊(cè)

    第三步、核驗(yàn)并填寫學(xué)歷

    要想通過學(xué)歷核驗(yàn),請(qǐng)注意:

    ①、必須使用學(xué)信網(wǎng)可查的真實(shí)學(xué)歷。

    ②、學(xué)歷上的身份證信息與注冊(cè)時(shí)所填寫的身份證信息必須一致。

    ③、學(xué)歷信息填寫完畢后,在24小時(shí)內(nèi)自動(dòng)與學(xué)信網(wǎng)對(duì)比完成核驗(yàn)。

    第三步、處理與上傳照片

    準(zhǔn)備好證件照

    照片要求:近期彩色標(biāo)準(zhǔn)1寸,半身免冠正面證件照(尺寸25mm*35mm,像素295px*413px),照片底色背景為白色,JPG或JPEG格式。(2018年2月22日以前注冊(cè)的用戶無須更換照片)。

    使用照片審核處理工具進(jìn)行審核

    1、下載安裝“照片審核處理工具”【注意:請(qǐng)用電腦下載,并解壓文件】

    點(diǎn)擊“照片審核處理工具”下載并解壓文件到指定目錄中,雙擊文件夾中的“PhotoProcess.exe”文件運(yùn)行。操作方法詳見目錄中readme.doc文件和照片審核處理工具界面中相關(guān)說明。

    2、點(diǎn)擊“打開照片文件”按鈕,選擇打開源照片文件。

    3、點(diǎn)擊"保存照片文件"按鈕保存審核合格后的照片文件到桌面(默認(rèn)文件名為:報(bào)名照片.jpg)。

    4、將保存后的"報(bào)名照片.jpg"文件作為報(bào)名照片上傳至中國人事考試網(wǎng)報(bào)名系統(tǒng)。

    照片要求

    1、半身免冠正面證件照(白色底)證件電子照片,照片必須清晰完整;

    2、電子照片需顯示雙肩、雙耳,露雙眉,不得上傳全身照、風(fēng)景照、生活照、背帶(吊帶)衫照、藝術(shù)照、側(cè)面照等;

    3、電子照片不得進(jìn)行拉伸、美化等PS操作(照片比例與本人真實(shí)情況不符、照片經(jīng)過美化操作等情況會(huì)影響考試期間身份核驗(yàn));

    4、電子照片文件類型為JPG或JPEG格式,字節(jié)大于30KB;

    5、電子照片標(biāo)準(zhǔn)尺寸為尺寸25mm*35mm,像素295px*413px。

    第四步:填報(bào)信息

    選擇省份

    閱讀報(bào)考須知

    填寫個(gè)人信息

    填寫個(gè)人信息時(shí),一定要如實(shí)填寫。填寫完成之后一定要多檢查幾遍,再進(jìn)行信息確認(rèn)。如果在確認(rèn)信息之后發(fā)現(xiàn)填寫的信息有誤,則不能自行修改。取消報(bào)名之后,才可以進(jìn)行修改。所以為了避免不必要的麻煩,多檢查幾遍是最好的。

    特別注意事項(xiàng):該錄入或更新報(bào)名信息時(shí),如果已經(jīng)通過某一科目且沉浸在有效期內(nèi)的話,在通過了科目后會(huì)標(biāo)注其通過時(shí)間。

    此處需要注意:

    ①無論是否需要人工核驗(yàn),都必須選擇核查點(diǎn)。學(xué)歷未通過在線核驗(yàn)的,去核查點(diǎn)人工核驗(yàn);已通過的則不需要。

    ②先尋找本專業(yè)、相關(guān)專業(yè)內(nèi)有沒有自己的專業(yè),如果有,點(diǎn)擊選擇即可,如果沒有,選個(gè)類似專業(yè),或直接選擇第三類:除本專業(yè)和相近專業(yè)外的專業(yè)。

    檢查信息

    第五步、選擇報(bào)名辦理方式

    如果選擇告知承諾制方式

    確認(rèn)報(bào)名信息,簽署告知承諾書。

    選擇不采用告知承諾制方式

    需要上傳專業(yè)工作年限證明或進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場審核。

    第六步、等待審核

    第七步、完成繳費(fèi)

    1、準(zhǔn)備一張具有網(wǎng)上銀行功能的網(wǎng)銀卡;

    2、進(jìn)入網(wǎng)上繳費(fèi)頁面;(網(wǎng)上繳費(fèi)入口,人事考試網(wǎng)都會(huì)有提示) ;

    3、輸入你的身份證號(hào)與報(bào)考號(hào)后點(diǎn)擊確定;(報(bào)考號(hào)是以大寫R開頭的20位字母與數(shù)字組合) ;

    ’4、查看“照片審核意見”欄內(nèi)說明,如審核通過,則可以點(diǎn)擊頁面下方的“在線交費(fèi)”按鈕;(如照片審核未通過,則不會(huì)出現(xiàn)此按鈕);

    5、支付成功后,如果看到“現(xiàn)繳費(fèi)用欄”內(nèi)出現(xiàn)“交費(fèi)已經(jīng)成功,XXXX核對(duì)支付”同時(shí)在線交費(fèi)按鈕消失,則表示交費(fèi)成功;

    6、如未能成功支付,則請(qǐng)檢查你的銀行卡是否已經(jīng)具備網(wǎng)上支付功能,如何開通網(wǎng)上銀行請(qǐng)致電各家銀行服務(wù)熱線。

    考生繳費(fèi)后應(yīng)再次查詢本人報(bào)考信息和繳費(fèi)狀態(tài)(網(wǎng)上繳費(fèi)信息和銀行卡扣款信息),確認(rèn)本人符合報(bào)考條件、報(bào)考信息無誤(特別注意報(bào)考級(jí)別、專業(yè)和科目務(wù)必準(zhǔn)確)、繳費(fèi)成功,并重新打印報(bào)名表備用。

    按目前一建報(bào)名情況來看,整個(gè)報(bào)名流程簡化了很多,而且放寬了很多。在報(bào)名時(shí)只需滿足三大條件皆可報(bào)考:

    ①學(xué)歷信息真實(shí)有效,學(xué)信網(wǎng)可查,與身份證相同。

    ②學(xué)歷至少達(dá)到大專以上,選擇好自己的工作年限使其符合要求。

    ③承諾自己的專業(yè)符合報(bào)考條件。

    除了學(xué)歷信息在線核驗(yàn)之外,工作年限、專業(yè)是否符合報(bào)考條件皆不進(jìn)行審核,承諾即可。

    關(guān)于考試

    報(bào)考時(shí)間

    一級(jí)建造師的報(bào)名時(shí)間方面并不固定,受到疫情和經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢的影響,報(bào)名時(shí)間有推遲的去向。往年報(bào)名時(shí)間集中在6、7月份。2022年一級(jí)建造師的報(bào)名時(shí)間預(yù)計(jì)會(huì)在9月份。

    考試時(shí)間

    2022年一級(jí)建造師考試時(shí)間在11月19日、20日兩天。

    (1)11月19日9:00--11:00:建設(shè)工程經(jīng)濟(jì);14:00-17:00:建設(shè)工程法規(guī)及相關(guān)知識(shí)。

    (2)11月20日9:00--11:00:建設(shè)工程項(xiàng)目管理;14:00-17:00:專業(yè)工程管理與實(shí)務(wù)。

    考試科目

    一級(jí)建造師考試科目有4門,分別為建設(shè)工程經(jīng)濟(jì)、建設(shè)工程法規(guī)、建設(shè)工程管理以及專業(yè)工程管理和實(shí)務(wù),其中前三名屬于公共科目,最后一門是實(shí)務(wù)科目,需要注意是的,一級(jí)建造師考試成績采用兩年滾動(dòng),意思是四門科目兩年過就能拿到證書。

    一級(jí)建造師中的實(shí)務(wù)科目分是10個(gè)專業(yè),分別是建筑工程、公路工程、鐵路工程、民航機(jī)場工程、港口與水運(yùn)工程、水利水電、市政公用、通信與廣電、礦業(yè)工程、機(jī)電工程,考生在報(bào)考時(shí)可以根據(jù)工作需要和實(shí)際情況選擇一個(gè)專業(yè)考試。

    考試題型和分值

    《建設(shè)工程經(jīng)濟(jì)》:單選題60道,1分/道;多選20道,2分/道。滿分100分。

    《建設(shè)工程項(xiàng)目管理》:單選題70道,1分/道;多選30道,2分/道。滿分130分。

    《建設(shè)工程法規(guī)及相關(guān)知識(shí)》:單選題70道,1分/道;多選30道,2分/道。滿分130分。

    《專業(yè)工程管理與實(shí)務(wù)》:單選題20道,1分/道;多選10道,2分/道;案例題5道,占120分。滿分160分。

    合格標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

    《建設(shè)工程經(jīng)濟(jì)》:60分及格。

    《建設(shè)工程項(xiàng)目管理》:78分及格。

    《建設(shè)工程法規(guī)及相關(guān)知識(shí)》:78分及格。

    《專業(yè)工程管理與實(shí)務(wù)》:96分及格。

    考試形式

    一級(jí)建造師考試以筆試的方式進(jìn)行閉卷考試。實(shí)行統(tǒng)一大綱、統(tǒng)一命題、統(tǒng)一組織的考試制度,由人事部、建設(shè)部共同組織實(shí)施,每年舉行一次考試。

    成績查詢

    登錄人事網(wǎng)

    官方網(wǎng)址:http://www.cpta.com.cn/,進(jìn)入主界面后,點(diǎn)擊主界面左邊的”成績查詢“按鈕:

    進(jìn)入成績查詢

    輸入身份證號(hào)、姓名、驗(yàn)證碼三項(xiàng),然后點(diǎn)擊查詢按鈕:

    選擇考試時(shí)間

    比如:2020年的一級(jí)建造師考試時(shí)間是9月,那就選擇2020年9月,在右邊選擇一級(jí)建造師執(zhí)業(yè)資格考試,點(diǎn)擊進(jìn)入。

    顯示成績界面

    證書領(lǐng)取

    證書領(lǐng)取時(shí)間

    一級(jí)建造師考試結(jié)束到拿到證書差不多要半年的時(shí)間,一建考試結(jié)束三個(gè)月后要發(fā)布成績,之后兩個(gè)月需要提交辦理證書的相關(guān)資料和手續(xù),一切結(jié)束后還要等兩三個(gè)月,一建證書才會(huì)下發(fā),具體一建證書的領(lǐng)取時(shí)間可以看官網(wǎng)的通知。

    領(lǐng)取證書資料

    本人領(lǐng)取須持本人身份證原件、二寸免冠證件照片、準(zhǔn)考證原件。如果是代領(lǐng),代領(lǐng)人須持本人身份證原件及上述要求的證件??忌囊唤ǔ煽兺ㄟ^,領(lǐng)取證書時(shí)人事考試院會(huì)有通知,或在官網(wǎng)發(fā)布,或以信件形式通知,因此想要領(lǐng)取通知,要以官方的通知為準(zhǔn)。

    證書領(lǐng)書方式

    遺失準(zhǔn)考證的考生,必須本人自行領(lǐng)取,其他人不得代領(lǐng)。如果本人知道檔案號(hào)的,領(lǐng)取時(shí)請(qǐng)出示身份證;如果忘記了檔案號(hào),可到人才考評(píng)中心現(xiàn)場查詢,并攜帶考生身份證前來領(lǐng)取。

    個(gè)人領(lǐng)取

    如果是個(gè)人領(lǐng)取,需要憑本人有效身份證原件或成績單領(lǐng)取,成績單在查詢成績時(shí)可以直接打印。

    代領(lǐng)

    如果是他人或單位代領(lǐng),需要考生憑代領(lǐng)人及持證人有效身份證原件,需要注意的是,有些省禁止他人代領(lǐng)。

    郵寄

    部分地區(qū)會(huì)有證書郵寄、單位代領(lǐng)服務(wù),可見不同地區(qū)一級(jí)建造師證的領(lǐng)取方式不相同,具體要看所在地區(qū)的規(guī)定。如果是郵寄的話,需要考生在網(wǎng)絡(luò)自己申請(qǐng)。

    備考方法

    備考時(shí)間

    合理安排好備考的時(shí)間顯得尤為重要,若時(shí)間精力不足可提早準(zhǔn)備考試,將備考戰(zhàn)線適當(dāng)拉長,根據(jù)自身情況制定個(gè)性化備考策略和各階段復(fù)習(xí)計(jì)劃。

    一建考試復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)間大概在400~600小時(shí)(按550個(gè)小時(shí)算,如果每天5個(gè)小時(shí)學(xué)習(xí),那么大概需要3-4個(gè)月準(zhǔn)備,如果每天只有3個(gè)小時(shí)學(xué)習(xí),那么大概需要7-8個(gè)月準(zhǔn)備)??傮w時(shí)間分配建議:經(jīng)濟(jì)20%,法規(guī)20%,管理20%,實(shí)務(wù)40%。

    備考計(jì)劃

    一級(jí)建造師考試共四科,分為公共課(經(jīng)濟(jì)、法規(guī)、管理)和專業(yè)實(shí)務(wù)課。專業(yè)實(shí)務(wù)課是重中之重,其中絕大部分人沒有通過一建考試,都是掛在這一科上了。實(shí)務(wù)與公共課難度排名:實(shí)務(wù)>管理>經(jīng)濟(jì)>法規(guī),實(shí)務(wù)至少上要花費(fèi)70%甚至更多的精力去復(fù)習(xí)。

    第一步、視頻刷課,打牢基礎(chǔ)

    想要快速通過一級(jí)建造師考試,網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程是必不可少的。通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)視頻老師的講解,可以快速抓住重點(diǎn),實(shí)現(xiàn)書本的減負(fù)。而且網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程學(xué)習(xí)相對(duì)比較靈活,能夠重復(fù)進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí)加強(qiáng)印象,在網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程的學(xué)習(xí)中大家必須做好重點(diǎn)的標(biāo)記。

    建議所有視頻都是1.5倍速聽,因?yàn)榇蠹視r(shí)間都很有限,沒有必要聽那么慢,第一遍主要的目的就是讓大家對(duì)所有課程框架有了解,對(duì)課程內(nèi)容熟悉和理解。這個(gè)時(shí)間大概150小時(shí)。

    第二步、整理筆記,鞏固學(xué)習(xí)

    通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程的學(xué)習(xí),把書本中的重點(diǎn)基本上標(biāo)記出來,可以利用思維導(dǎo)圖整理一份自己的學(xué)習(xí)筆記,將所有的知識(shí)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行網(wǎng)格化、邏輯化,形成自己知識(shí)架構(gòu)體系。這里所有視頻課程2倍速聽,聽完一節(jié)、整理一節(jié),接下來的工作就是逐章的進(jìn)行復(fù)習(xí),每復(fù)習(xí)完一章后同步做題加強(qiáng)印象,鞏固學(xué)習(xí)成果。這個(gè)時(shí)間大概200小時(shí),大家必須自己動(dòng)手進(jìn)行總結(jié),才能有鞏固學(xué)習(xí)的效果。

    第三步、題海訓(xùn)練,強(qiáng)化記憶

    光看書,不做題,就會(huì)導(dǎo)致不知道自己哪塊薄弱,所以一建考生備考做習(xí)題是必不可少的,一定要做習(xí)題,選擇真題最好,因?yàn)闅v年真題可以反應(yīng)出題老師的想法,可以推斷出老師的出題風(fēng)格和習(xí)慣,和其他雜七雜八的習(xí)題集相比,對(duì)考試起到的幫助更多。

    這個(gè)階段就要瘋狂刷題,這個(gè)時(shí)間大概100小時(shí)。在四個(gè)科目都可以做題達(dá)到及格線上下時(shí),就可以開始進(jìn)入這個(gè)刷題階段了。方法就是用APP瘋狂刷題,根據(jù)APP的統(tǒng)計(jì):錯(cuò)了1次的題目沒關(guān)系,心里記住就可以。錯(cuò)了2次以上的題目,你就要把這個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)記到你的筆記里去了。同時(shí),在刷題過程中,每周至少把自己四個(gè)科目的筆記全部過一遍,加深印象。

    目前有很多手機(jī)APP支持一建刷題、自動(dòng)統(tǒng)計(jì)通過率、知識(shí)點(diǎn)統(tǒng)計(jì)、錯(cuò)題梳理等功能,非常方便,對(duì)于上班族來說十分有用,這樣我們就可以在上下班以及其他碎片時(shí)間里拿出手機(jī)來刷十幾道題,工作學(xué)習(xí)兩不誤。比較推薦的是建造師隨身學(xué)、一建萬題庫,大家可以根據(jù)需要自己嘗試。

    第四步、模擬考試,沖刺提升

    經(jīng)過前期的學(xué)習(xí),最后階段就是不斷模擬考試。通過真題、模擬題來鞏固知識(shí)點(diǎn),強(qiáng)化做題的感覺。由于3門公共課都是選擇題,通過做5年內(nèi)的真題再配合老師所講的知識(shí)點(diǎn),基本能夠搞清楚常考知識(shí)點(diǎn);實(shí)務(wù)課,必須選擇題和公共課類似,簡答題需要不斷抄寫記憶,計(jì)算題和畫圖題,需要不斷做題來提高。

    3門公共課,把近5年的真題模擬考試,練到什么程度?就是所有考試卷,利用一半時(shí)間,就可以得到90%的正確分?jǐn)?shù)。例如,經(jīng)濟(jì),在1個(gè)小時(shí)內(nèi),5年的真題都可以90分以上。實(shí)務(wù)課,僅僅做真題還是不夠的,在做完真題的基礎(chǔ)上,必須通過模擬題進(jìn)行全面訓(xùn)練,模擬考試最好按照4小時(shí)進(jìn)行,這樣可以全面的接近實(shí)戰(zhàn)訓(xùn)練,注意做題速度,把握考試時(shí)間,讓自己在考前做到心中有數(shù)。

    最后,需要明白的是:進(jìn)入社會(huì)之后,考試取證是我們給自己鍍金的一種行之有效的方法。同時(shí),通過備考,保持自己的學(xué)習(xí)能力,在這個(gè)充滿變數(shù)的年代,讓自己能時(shí)刻充滿戰(zhàn)斗力,這將是讓我們受益一生的行為。所以,無論你最后能否通過考試,也不要?dú)怵H,不要放棄,老天會(huì)善待每一個(gè)努力的人。

    %3Chowto_content%3E[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"is_abstract":true},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"建造師是指從事建設(shè)工程項(xiàng)目總承包和施工管理關(guān)鍵崗位的執(zhí)業(yè)注冊(cè)人員。一級(jí)建造師,是建設(shè)工程行業(yè)的一種執(zhí)業(yè)資格,是擔(dān)任大型工程項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理的前提條件。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnITvWg4QynVjRYflmi8ShLf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"背景信息","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWwiCF62qEX2dFZJzWfFhEd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"一級(jí)建造師是指經(jīng)通過一級(jí)建造師考試,取得一級(jí)建造師執(zhí)業(yè)資格證書,依法注冊(cè)后,擔(dān)任建設(shè)工程項(xiàng)目施工的項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理、從事其他施工活動(dòng)的管理工作,或者法律、行政法規(guī)或國務(wù)院建設(shè)行政主管部門規(guī)定的其他業(yè)務(wù)的專業(yè)技術(shù)人員。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnpvmQrsLqwW6zEJpPDxD12c"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":378,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"背景信息","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/c2ac542ee752490e844d6413c5297805","width":550},"text":"","id":"doxcnAhuMkk7JOVF1FTWI7pjcVb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"報(bào)考條件","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnASb2xMQUgoRznZkZuTk0bf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"具體學(xué)歷、專業(yè)、工作年限要求如下:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnpBA6ozebfTDm7t9DiGHu2d"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":154,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"報(bào)考條件","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/1ec9b50ee1ee4c42b4ac623fbc137ee4","width":640},"text":"","id":"doxcnsfuJMQCtHS6MooKSeI4FGh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"免試條件","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnNL2lsDAQmU3G4lEqoBaa7O"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"符合以上報(bào)名條件的人員,如果已經(jīng)獲得《建筑業(yè)企業(yè)一級(jí)項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理資質(zhì)證書》,并且符合下列條件之一,可以免試《建設(shè)工程經(jīng)濟(jì)》和《建設(shè)工程項(xiàng)目管理》2個(gè)科目,具體條件為:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0aXYOm39GwbV2X2iw4uL6o"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、出任過工程或者工程經(jīng)濟(jì)類高級(jí)專業(yè)技術(shù)崗位。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcny4MFrCuHlwWa2fVyXclJac"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、工程類或者工程經(jīng)濟(jì)類??埔陨蠈W(xué)歷,且從事建設(shè)工程項(xiàng)目施工管理工作滿二十年。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnepOXNouR1unCTk80DlER7K"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"增項(xiàng)報(bào)考條件","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIHdpcxHmuzT542BPos5l4e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"一級(jí)建造師共有建筑工程、公路工程、鐵路工程、民航機(jī)場工程、港口與航道工程、水利水電工程、市政公用工程、通信與廣電工程、礦業(yè)工程和機(jī)電工程10個(gè)專業(yè)類別。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnlxPBQxYlzWavz07MRXA3vd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"報(bào)考人員須已取得一級(jí)建造師資格證書方可報(bào)考,成績當(dāng)年有效。原“一級(jí)建造師相應(yīng)專業(yè)考試”檔案號(hào)不再使用。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnpdC7e55A54FmVLR8jzwRRh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"一級(jí)建造師增項(xiàng)考試只要參加專業(yè)科目考試即可,不需要再考四科。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn3P99V2s0feqYCgKkcE3fqd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":272,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"增項(xiàng)報(bào)考條件","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/3036ae6f67804bba88d20f01be907647","width":640},"text":"","id":"doxcnHw695Efdy7Sz9CHNtCav1c"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"報(bào)名流程","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnxazraeupyk3bbZa3jQ3sYe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"第一步:考生注冊(cè)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnLq5NjPWW40zAdsYSiWsfnb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1.進(jìn)入中國人事考試網(wǎng),點(diǎn)擊“網(wǎng)上報(bào)名”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSB1CV71WZUyRs8nsCmstEg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":362,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"報(bào)名流程","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/ba830c0b582044679ed8426a3e1d09c4","width":640},"text":"","id":"doxcnxZ5BCTYpBGMAFkZ0lehdrd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"第二步、登錄報(bào)名網(wǎng)站","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOs9sUYeZRJrzKBXtaCC4pf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"已有賬號(hào)直接登錄,新用戶需先進(jìn)行注冊(cè)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnXDi9MwnpsayIu6eCcodO1e"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":334,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"報(bào)名流程","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/377f4b5042de4fc9b5734d4202b17280","width":640},"text":"","id":"doxcnXs4gVkjIm8rj7KiIh3nzYd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"第三步、核驗(yàn)并填寫學(xué)歷","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnHoIyZwXrEEjXCMB2ueep3b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"要想通過學(xué)歷核驗(yàn),請(qǐng)注意:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnXcOTQYAtkwp15MbYbkgmWh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"①、必須使用學(xué)信網(wǎng)可查的真實(shí)學(xué)歷。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnn4MyB0oPhUv7oYidGOd14b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"②、學(xué)歷上的身份證信息與注冊(cè)時(shí)所填寫的身份證信息必須一致。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYis8olmncRhnRof0VX58yg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"③、學(xué)歷信息填寫完畢后,在24小時(shí)內(nèi)自動(dòng)與學(xué)信網(wǎng)對(duì)比完成核驗(yàn)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn87LouC7xn0cHDBwzenjCBb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":757,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"報(bào)名流程","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/1e7c1f31b6594fca9ea39df259599a8c","width":1609},"text":"","id":"doxcnHXestINippUBRxmqeJT28d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"第三步、處理與上傳照片","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnzYSU8Kc7msbGw67V1JTeMb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"準(zhǔn)備好證件照","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn7UkU7Kfer3j7juifmzBqhd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"照片要求:近期彩色標(biāo)準(zhǔn)1寸,半身免冠正面證件照(尺寸25mm*35mm,像素295px*413px),照片底色背景為白色,JPG或JPEG格式。(2018年2月22日以前注冊(cè)的用戶無須更換照片)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMxOI6Bq3hM3MhxsGPxEAug"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"使用照片審核處理工具進(jìn)行審核","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGANKxOl6DulxAHUz83zJKg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、下載安裝“照片審核處理工具”【注意:請(qǐng)用電腦下載,并解壓文件】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnl4P7sDiO17W0pOsJkVn2y2"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"點(diǎn)擊“照片審核處理工具”下載并解壓文件到指定目錄中,雙擊文件夾中的“PhotoProcess.exe”文件運(yùn)行。操作方法詳見目錄中readme.doc文件和照片審核處理工具界面中相關(guān)說明。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnfuwJKjCl7doOeR7ZP6x2Lb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、點(diǎn)擊“打開照片文件”按鈕,選擇打開源照片文件。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnfi97K0tatQHJ633UYGOF8P"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、點(diǎn)擊\\"保存照片文件\\"按鈕保存審核合格后的照片文件到桌面(默認(rèn)文件名為:報(bào)名照片.jpg)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGYWn2PsHxfJSFo5HaY0SFh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、將保存后的\\"報(bào)名照片.jpg\\"文件作為報(bào)名照片上傳至中國人事考試網(wǎng)報(bào)名系統(tǒng)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGHEyvdM2arcEdj65Tfrmpc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":343,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"報(bào)名流程","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b3caab8cc1e64c03bf5ca24a28afd4e9","width":706},"text":"","id":"doxcnccGoFlxQPrbnAZopXTRgBg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"照片要求","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnBAO1dkvjImfz7ElPMS7HUc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、半身免冠正面證件照(白色底)證件電子照片,照片必須清晰完整;","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnD0v2PTu7tOPHYyLQ3i9Yjh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、電子照片需顯示雙肩、雙耳,露雙眉,不得上傳全身照、風(fēng)景照、生活照、背帶(吊帶)衫照、藝術(shù)照、側(cè)面照等;","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnBHggC8MJR61AFwe2EDC5uh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、電子照片不得進(jìn)行拉伸、美化等PS操作(照片比例與本人真實(shí)情況不符、照片經(jīng)過美化操作等情況會(huì)影響考試期間身份核驗(yàn));","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4c8whvoVkU4EIR1T3Kzwud"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、電子照片文件類型為JPG或JPEG格式,字節(jié)大于30KB;","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnvXtM0qUy0s205Zh14zm2pc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、電子照片標(biāo)準(zhǔn)尺寸為尺寸25mm*35mm,像素295px*413px。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUi4DXzQsMqKc3ypCca2eUc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"第四步:填報(bào)信息","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn70S0Mk2yhfJBFAiOWer8Ic"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"選擇省份","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnPiV1FQSHfr4cZjUPAxhqxh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":357,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"報(bào)名流程","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/ca6d27e8bcc748a5b698d585d09b1197","width":1536},"text":"","id":"doxcnDidmcebaPgHi9Bpl5xdWyX"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"閱讀報(bào)考須知","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2TeVqgLVTYg8x5mbiIKeeb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":443,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"報(bào)名流程","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/557264ec313a4a9596e0519b594f9525","width":1582},"text":"","id":"doxcnnBwOmL63XJNH6v7NGgLvVh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"填寫個(gè)人信息","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnol3vEAMQ0euCf5nsFHtgIh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"填寫個(gè)人信息時(shí),一定要如實(shí)填寫。填寫完成之后一定要多檢查幾遍,再進(jìn)行信息確認(rèn)。如果在確認(rèn)信息之后發(fā)現(xiàn)填寫的信息有誤,則不能自行修改。取消報(bào)名之后,才可以進(jìn)行修改。所以為了避免不必要的麻煩,多檢查幾遍是最好的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnShER56eadgv16OVZdjWTRf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"特別注意事項(xiàng):該錄入或更新報(bào)名信息時(shí),如果已經(jīng)通過某一科目且沉浸在有效期內(nèi)的話,在通過了科目后會(huì)標(biāo)注其通過時(shí)間。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnnEn5IO2D5LzyKidIQ9gNlg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":2524,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"報(bào)名流程","id":""}],"url":"ht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2、進(jìn)入網(wǎng)上繳費(fèi)頁面;(網(wǎng)上繳費(fèi)入口,人事考試網(wǎng)都會(huì)有提示) ;","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnkHLjWy05IyFJ2MSPoEYFtf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、輸入你的身份證號(hào)與報(bào)考號(hào)后點(diǎn)擊確定;(報(bào)考號(hào)是以大寫R開頭的20位字母與數(shù)字組合) ;","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYzdDqfUTcd2nUZ5CYPnW3c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"’4、查看“照片審核意見”欄內(nèi)說明,如審核通過,則可以點(diǎn)擊頁面下方的“在線交費(fèi)”按鈕;(如照片審核未通過,則不會(huì)出現(xiàn)此按鈕);","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuE5QOpf6d1Chx1e3NlhurU"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 5、支付成功后,如果看到“現(xiàn)繳費(fèi)用欄”內(nèi)出現(xiàn)“交費(fèi)已經(jīng)成功,XXXX核對(duì)支付”同時(shí)在線交費(fèi)按鈕消失,則表示交費(fèi)成功;","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGTNhovLN7pMb40xLv6hhcc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、如未能成功支付,則請(qǐng)檢查你的銀行卡是否已經(jīng)具備網(wǎng)上支付功能,如何開通網(wǎng)上銀行請(qǐng)致電各家銀行服務(wù)熱線。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnbsfwxR6YptQsNoMwTdENLJ"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":415,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"報(bào)名流程","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/e605a51668f14c3f86c4eb771ab0346a","width":986},"text":"","id":"doxcnwLnFl3vVgcVlPSQ10KaWYA"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"考生繳費(fèi)后應(yīng)再次查詢本人報(bào)考信息和繳費(fèi)狀態(tài)(網(wǎng)上繳費(fèi)信息和銀行卡扣款信息),確認(rèn)本人符合報(bào)考條件、報(bào)考信息無誤(特別注意報(bào)考級(jí)別、專業(yè)和科目務(wù)必準(zhǔn)確)、繳費(fèi)成功,并重新打印報(bào)名表備用。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnP5QaP03Hw0xc8E644bahie"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":1120,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"報(bào)名流程","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6475e6451ae64060a1bac5860ec94cc0","width":460},"text":"","id":"doxcnu11Y7xg9cbOycrJrmrZJAG"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"按目前一建報(bào)名情況來看,整個(gè)報(bào)名流程簡化了很多,而且放寬了很多。在報(bào)名時(shí)只需滿足三大條件皆可報(bào)考:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMeW6VRYcgb3gKoRvyFkqMd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"①學(xué)歷信息真實(shí)有效,學(xué)信網(wǎng)可查,與身份證相同。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnVV1sjAFXvKRd5Z2s0R43if"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"②學(xué)歷至少達(dá)到大專以上,選擇好自己的工作年限使其符合要求。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnRuH1ay4P0eXtapOgja3azf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"③承諾自己的專業(yè)符合報(bào)考條件。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnlSXF8R58oJc21BRky4DWEh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"除了學(xué)歷信息在線核驗(yàn)之外,工作年限、專業(yè)是否符合報(bào)考條件皆不進(jìn)行審核,承諾即可。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniOnapGdjyUD15ozF5glzJf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"關(guān)于考試","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnZLuTzOmWBsgb8c2YeE09Vh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"報(bào)考時(shí)間","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnFJ1XJCFuM2pM2ToS1DTxxf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"一級(jí)建造師的報(bào)名時(shí)間方面并不固定,受到疫情和經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢的影響,報(bào)名時(shí)間有推遲的","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"去向","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"。往年報(bào)名時(shí)間集中在6、7月份。2022年一級(jí)建造師的報(bào)名時(shí)間預(yù)計(jì)會(huì)在9月份。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn17ZcmXKEALHXvZPpgVomwf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"考試時(shí)間","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnoZILPNACy9MbQibcgrif2f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2022年一級(jí)建造師考試時(shí)間在11月19日、20日兩天。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOCqW7rCPfrggnevJa7IPVb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(1)11月19日9:00--11:00:建設(shè)工程經(jīng)濟(jì);14:00-17:00:建設(shè)工程法規(guī)及相關(guān)知識(shí)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSoJkifwCyu8QqvDy96RbNr"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(2)11月20日9:00--11:00:建設(shè)工程項(xiàng)目管理;14:00-17:00:專業(yè)工程管理與實(shí)務(wù)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnR7EAnCt20KoKU9eEapumB2"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"考試科目","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnARKbuAFm9Kp0O3B1hIFd8b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"一級(jí)建造師考試科目有4門,分別為建設(shè)工程經(jīng)濟(jì)、建設(shè)工程法規(guī)、建設(shè)工程管理以及專業(yè)工程管理和實(shí)務(wù),其中前三名屬于公共科目,最后一門是實(shí)務(wù)科目,需要注意是的,一級(jí)建造師考試成績采用兩年滾動(dòng),意思是四門科目兩年過就能拿到證書。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnZmUXDpL9pW9sTEYBfQGS1g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"一級(jí)建造師中的實(shí)務(wù)科目分是10個(gè)專業(yè),分別是建筑工程、公路工程、鐵路工程、民航機(jī)場工程、港口與水運(yùn)工程、水利水電、市政公用、通信與廣電、礦業(yè)工程、機(jī)電工程,考生在報(bào)考時(shí)可以根據(jù)工作需要和實(shí)際情況選擇一個(gè)專業(yè)考試。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnkXJiY0wXA9492hdTa2qV7f"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"考試題型和分值","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcndyzMlK8C5mHZQD7HBhaoWb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"《建設(shè)工程經(jīng)濟(jì)》:單選題60道,1分/道;多選20道,2分/道。滿分100分。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKFdmkhgzC7ao8b3yf2o2sh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"《建設(shè)工程項(xiàng)目管理》:單選題70道,1分/道;多選30道,2分/道。滿分130分。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnp2VQp1NZW6BDKapcmQIrlb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"《建設(shè)工程法規(guī)及相關(guān)知識(shí)》:單選題70道,1分/道;多選30道,2分/道。滿分130分。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8vpM0SjO6OrKkfNOZtEptg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"《專業(yè)工程管理與實(shí)務(wù)》:單選題20道,1分/道;多選10道,2分/道;案例題5道,占120分。滿分160分。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnBXcU3pRFe23YID5IBYNyIe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"合格標(biāo)準(zhǔn)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnxtbVDTT4rvlC2GHfqsLJaf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"《建設(shè)工程經(jīng)濟(jì)》:60分及格。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcna1HmLutGOB4AzUHBlWxlBd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"《建設(shè)工程項(xiàng)目管理》:78分及格。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnlzFf1oF2b6XiJpwD0EHiAg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"《建設(shè)工程法規(guī)及相關(guān)知識(shí)》:78分及格。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnbuKkfy4e23ZkifxoIe30mh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"《專業(yè)工程管理與實(shí)務(wù)》:96分及格。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnLH2R4YNeyp2l3krTSwlv0m"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"考試形式","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnLcLhDl3iWhSsVmbOsnKHBd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"一級(jí)建造師考試以筆試的方式進(jìn)行閉卷考試。實(shí)行統(tǒng)一大綱、統(tǒng)一命題、統(tǒng)一組織的考試制度,由人事部、建設(shè)部共同組織實(shí)施,每年舉行一次考試。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnakOlIdXv9mhvsVWAHmlCZe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"成績查詢","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnl8uYBKqYZvpQeBvuFbd6Ig"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"登錄人事網(wǎng)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcna1OfDif9jpvvZ0JLoYpZPE"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"官方網(wǎng)址:","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"http://www.cpta.com.cn/"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"http://www.cpta.com.cn/","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":",進(jìn)入主界面后,點(diǎn)擊主界面左邊的”成績查詢“按鈕:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqspnxW5qH5rjvhLBefayeh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":510,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"登錄人事網(wǎng)","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/04f6029a819b44e58d2f1e774a7398a8","width":1031},"text":"","id":"doxcnI6f7K8fSkaXi02nvLZZnTe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"進(jìn)入成績查詢","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmh2e4q6P74HsX3YLIb8qAd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"輸入身份證號(hào)、姓名、驗(yàn)證碼三項(xiàng),然后點(diǎn)擊查詢按鈕:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCrSxEKv4Cx6qOakkUB4ENg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":261,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"進(jìn)入成績查詢","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b1efad3610b649d68a1717eab2c1722d","width":512},"text":"","id":"doxcnpSNpHQWS6VwVPkeRWxSseh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"選擇考試時(shí)間","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnrOmS0iSizMB4oiK0dd6cWg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"比如:2020年的一級(jí)建造師考試時(shí)間是9月,那就選擇2020年9月,在右邊選擇一級(jí)建造師執(zhí)業(yè)資格考試,點(diǎn)擊進(jìn)入。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcni2Wmgmoz6JvLQomckm36Pe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":347,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"選擇考試時(shí)間","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/990f380a3c1149fcb37b46761a0062d0","width":644},"text":"","id":"doxcnwtxJHBTrMeHvRz7CcXp8Uh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"顯示成績界面","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnW9Obeb2Y0ntzz0t5bpPboh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":219,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"顯示成績界面","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/d080fc7ebaf9430e8906025ca7a5b396","width":639},"text":"","id":"doxcnduqh2WWeG6YiSIzGspQ8Xd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"證書領(lǐng)取","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnlQmqTBfFtOLQp9mOpUWh4b"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"證書領(lǐng)取時(shí)間","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniTp5ICb3VvSsKXxIV3ECJd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"一級(jí)建造師考試結(jié)束到拿到證書差不多要半年的時(shí)間,一建考試結(jié)束三個(gè)月后要發(fā)布成績,之后兩個(gè)月需要提交辦理證書的相關(guān)資料和手續(xù),一切結(jié)束后還要等兩三個(gè)月,一建證書才會(huì)下發(fā),具體一建證書的領(lǐng)取時(shí)間可以看官網(wǎng)的通知。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnypFVjUt5Rcur4DCz12vsBh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"領(lǐng)取證書資料","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn1lnwLyzibgea8k7ymipdQe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"本人領(lǐng)取須持本人身份證原件、二寸免冠證件照片、準(zhǔn)考證原件。如果是代領(lǐng),代領(lǐng)人須持本人身份證原件及上述要求的證件??忌囊唤ǔ煽兺ㄟ^,領(lǐng)取證書時(shí)人事考試院會(huì)有通知,或在官網(wǎng)發(fā)布,或以信件形式通知,因此想要領(lǐng)取通知,要以官方的通知為準(zhǔn)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnvNTF3D6HZWeCBXi69Exgxy"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"證書","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"領(lǐng)書","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"方式","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnZ8Eac6yDZdJq5WRwSexsCQ"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"遺失準(zhǔn)考證的考生,必須本人自行領(lǐng)取,其他人不得代領(lǐng)。如果本人知道檔案號(hào)的,領(lǐng)取時(shí)請(qǐng)出示身份證;如果忘記了檔案號(hào),可到人才考評(píng)中心現(xiàn)場查詢,并攜帶考生身份證前來領(lǐng)取。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnDO2RoinrdC6nhKPRyManTe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"個(gè)人領(lǐng)取","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnD3FuZ1XYQwLR5SqRapr4Ty"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"如果是個(gè)人領(lǐng)取,需要憑本人有效身份證原件或成績單領(lǐng)取,成績單在查詢成績時(shí)可以直接打印。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnj5gnGrwSGiNcOmI8QjVhVf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"代領(lǐng)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnfqm2xU8dsAK6XSG3VfCLDb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"如果是他人或單位代領(lǐng),需要考生憑代領(lǐng)人及持證人有效身份證原件,需要注意的是,有些省禁止他人代領(lǐng)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnintjrl5GM2ZyIXdIPTCPSg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"郵寄","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnPxezC40YIRLS0rQtzUEpzh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"部分地區(qū)會(huì)有證書郵寄、單位代領(lǐng)服務(wù),可見不同地區(qū)一級(jí)建造師證的領(lǐng)取方式不相同,具體要看所在地區(qū)的規(guī)定。如果是郵寄的話,需要考生在網(wǎng)絡(luò)自己申請(qǐng)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnybf8jYuBqSdF92zwvt2Jcc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":592,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"郵寄","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/1b19a4a59df84c48ab932fced26141cc","width":850},"text":"","id":"doxcnF739yqIWitL1yDIC7UuDYb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"備考方法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnavDFaz6CTRU5XokaIPDBxa"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"備考時(shí)間","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnDUzzMqTL5cGsJS9uomWNqh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"合理安排好備考的時(shí)間顯得尤為重要,若時(shí)間精力不足可提早準(zhǔn)備考試,將備考戰(zhàn)線適當(dāng)拉長,根據(jù)自身情況制定個(gè)性化備考策略和各階段復(fù)習(xí)計(jì)劃。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSLkdKoYPnFGRhZRqPOpo0d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"一建考試復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)間大概在400~600小時(shí)(按550個(gè)小時(shí)算,如果每天5個(gè)小時(shí)學(xué)習(xí),那么大概需要3-4個(gè)月準(zhǔn)備,如果每天只有3個(gè)小時(shí)學(xué)習(xí),那么大概需要7-8個(gè)月準(zhǔn)備)。總體時(shí)間分配建議:經(jīng)濟(jì)20%,法規(guī)20%,管理20%,實(shí)務(wù)40%。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2rKYU6Wxsa2ClkAN8krM3g"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"備考計(jì)劃","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEtrIjwdO974zrF4Y8pdH0f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"一級(jí)建造師考試共四科,分為公共課(經(jīng)濟(jì)、法規(guī)、管理)和專業(yè)實(shí)務(wù)課。專業(yè)實(shí)務(wù)課是重中之重,其中絕大部分人沒有通過一建考試,都是掛在這一科上了。實(shí)務(wù)與公共課難度排名:實(shí)務(wù)>管理>經(jīng)濟(jì)>法規(guī),實(shí)務(wù)至少上要花費(fèi)70%甚至更多的精力去復(fù)習(xí)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnklrDp3V2bfPDwHAB0vw4Hd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"第一步、視頻刷課,打牢基礎(chǔ)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnJlKrKNYlfa5CB6b7svwoce"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"想要快速通過一級(jí)建造師考試,網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程是必不可少的。通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)視頻老師的講解,可以快速抓住重點(diǎn),實(shí)現(xiàn)書本的減負(fù)。而且網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程學(xué)習(xí)相對(duì)比較靈活,能夠重復(fù)進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí)加強(qiáng)印象,在網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程的學(xué)習(xí)中大家必須做好重點(diǎn)的標(biāo)記。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSEichTp8mUHyBUR8zqqMLh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"建議所有視頻都是1.5倍速聽,因?yàn)榇蠹視r(shí)間都很有限,沒有必要聽那么慢,第一遍主要的目的就是讓大家對(duì)所有課程框架有了解,對(duì)課程內(nèi)容熟悉和理解。這個(gè)時(shí)間大概150小時(shí)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnhnzkcVIxhFwkgFkKQ9KJ0g"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":303,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"備考計(jì)劃","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a17febcd941542f9a53d0967dd1b9540","width":691},"text":"","id":"doxcnzlnebs8AaahjrrG5WBMVNh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"第二步、整理筆記,鞏固學(xué)習(xí)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmt6auyZzxZDFpBOU7OiYTc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程的學(xué)習(xí),把書本中的重點(diǎn)基本上標(biāo)記出來,可以利用思維導(dǎo)圖整理一份自己的學(xué)習(xí)筆記,將所有的知識(shí)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行網(wǎng)格化、邏輯化,形成自己知識(shí)架構(gòu)體系。這里所有視頻課程2倍速聽,聽完一節(jié)、整理一節(jié),接下來的工作就是逐章的進(jìn)行復(fù)習(xí),每復(fù)習(xí)完一章后同步做題加強(qiáng)印象,鞏固學(xué)習(xí)成果。這個(gè)時(shí)間大概200小時(shí),大家必須自己動(dòng)手進(jìn)行總結(jié),才能有鞏固學(xué)習(xí)的效果。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnxf3YHhkYD7k1tPcxRqJMuf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"第三步、題海訓(xùn)練,強(qiáng)化記憶","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnkCZKCWv75P4j8I4LzDqXYg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"光看書,不做題,就會(huì)導(dǎo)致不知道自己哪塊薄弱,所以一建考生備考做習(xí)題是必不可少的,一定要做習(xí)題,選擇真題最好,因?yàn)闅v年真題可以反應(yīng)出題老師的想法,可以推斷出老師的出題風(fēng)格和習(xí)慣,和其他雜七雜八的習(xí)題集相比,對(duì)考試起到的幫助更多。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSbcRssOxsbsvZWpu7z06ne"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"這個(gè)階段就要瘋狂刷題,這個(gè)時(shí)間大概100小時(shí)。在四個(gè)科目都可以做題達(dá)到及格線上下時(shí),就可以開始進(jìn)入這個(gè)刷題階段了。方法就是用APP瘋狂刷題,根據(jù)APP的統(tǒng)計(jì):錯(cuò)了1次的題目沒關(guān)系,心里記住就可以。錯(cuò)了2次以上的題目,你就要把這個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)記到你的筆記里去了。同時(shí),在刷題過程中,每周至少把自己四個(gè)科目的筆記全部過一遍,加深印象。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIZ54qX7tXHgAovMSCLCEXg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"目前有很多手機(jī)APP支持一建刷題、自動(dòng)統(tǒng)計(jì)通過率、知識(shí)點(diǎn)統(tǒng)計(jì)、錯(cuò)題梳理等功能,非常方便,對(duì)于上班族來說十分有用,這樣我們就可以在上下班以及其他碎片時(shí)間里拿出手機(jī)來刷十幾道題,工作學(xué)習(xí)兩不誤。比較推薦的是建造師隨身學(xué)、一建萬題庫,大家可以根據(jù)需要自己嘗試。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngUzBOM0CeoBc3wQouc8XRd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":717,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"備考計(jì)劃","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/836f93301c254e0aa1dc490b4d3528f0","width":379},"text":"","id":"K44ide2aeoUWWexWq2fcAPqcnDe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"第四步、模擬考試,沖刺提升","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0Z92X5yBoSjH4vddoiPkzf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"經(jīng)過前期的學(xué)習(xí),最后階段就是不斷模擬考試。通過真題、模擬題來鞏固知識(shí)點(diǎn),強(qiáng)化做題的感覺。由于3門公共課都是選擇題,通過做5年內(nèi)的真題再配合老師所講的知識(shí)點(diǎn),基本能夠搞清楚??贾R(shí)點(diǎn);實(shí)務(wù)課,必須選擇題和公共課類似,簡答題需要不斷抄寫記憶,計(jì)算題和畫圖題,需要不斷做題來提高。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnVjfafjxjbgLfiSOAMqwL9f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3門公共課,把近5年的真題模擬考試,練到什么程度?就是所有考試卷,利用一半時(shí)間,就可以得到90%的正確分?jǐn)?shù)。例如,經(jīng)濟(jì),在1個(gè)小時(shí)內(nèi),5年的真題都可以90分以上。實(shí)務(wù)課,僅僅做真題還是不夠的,在做完真題的基礎(chǔ)上,必須通過模擬題進(jìn)行全面訓(xùn)練,模擬考試最好按照4小時(shí)進(jìn)行,這樣可以全面的接近實(shí)戰(zhàn)訓(xùn)練,注意做題速度,把握考試時(shí)間,讓自己在考前做到心中有數(shù)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6qv6ktgYNP4gO0mXQCluMh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":500,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"備考計(jì)劃","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/d214142cf28e4daea049949b24402e97","width":500},"text":"","id":"doxcnMMf30aRpHesKpp0pSmOCEb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"最后,需要明白的是:進(jìn)入社會(huì)之后,考試取證是我們給自己鍍金的一種行之有效的方法。同時(shí),通過備考,保持自己的學(xué)習(xí)能力,在這個(gè)充滿變數(shù)的年代,讓自己能時(shí)刻充滿戰(zhàn)斗力,這將是讓我們受益一生的行為。所以,無論你最后能否通過考試,也不要?dú)怵H,不要放棄,老天會(huì)善待每一個(gè)努力的人。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSCC7DihTtxWBcZ39nXZ72f"}]%3C%2Fhowto_content%3E"

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    我們常說“字如其人”“見字如面”,可見寫一手好字的重要性。特別是在當(dāng)下,越來越多的考試采用答題卡,網(wǎng)上閱卷,字體的清楚、整潔、美觀成為取得優(yōu)異成績的首要條件。因此,在小學(xué)階段練一手好字就顯得尤為必要。

    寫字習(xí)慣

    從孩子一年級(jí)學(xué)習(xí)寫字開始,掌握正確的寫字姿勢,養(yǎng)成良好的寫字習(xí)慣,才有助于孩子的身體發(fā)育,視力保護(hù),同時(shí)這也是在為中高年級(jí)孩子較為輕松地提升寫字速度做準(zhǔn)備。

    坐姿

    孩子的坐姿是家長最容易關(guān)注的點(diǎn),要求做到:頭正、肩平、身直、足。其中“足安”可能會(huì)被大家忽略,那就是雙腳自然平放在地上,全腳掌著地,雙腿分開約與肩同寬,此時(shí)孩子的整個(gè)坐姿才是穩(wěn)定的。

    同時(shí)還要做到“一拳一尺一寸”,也就是身體距桌子一拳,眼睛離課本一尺(約33厘米),握筆手指離筆尖約一寸(約3.3厘米),不含胸駝背。

    坐端正后,還可以提醒孩子將寫字的書本放在書桌正前方的中央,擺正后再來書寫,避免歪歪斜斜地?cái)[放。

    在孩子學(xué)習(xí)寫字的初期,家長可以利用兒歌、口訣多加督促提醒,幫助孩子有意識(shí)地養(yǎng)成良好的坐姿習(xí)慣。

    握筆姿勢

    握筆姿勢和坐姿要從小抓起。兒童肌肉的發(fā)育是不平衡的,做精細(xì)動(dòng)作的能力較差,握筆寫字是比較費(fèi)勁的。家長要耐心指導(dǎo),幫助孩子掌握正確的握筆方法。

    1、首先將大拇指和食指伸出

    2、倆指輕合成圓環(huán)狀。

    3、筆桿穿過圓環(huán),再由中指從下往上自然挺住,把筆桿固定在三角架中。

    注意

    1、筆桿放在拇指、食指和中指的三個(gè)指梢之間,食指在前,拇指在左后,中指在右下,食指應(yīng)較拇指低些。手指尖應(yīng)距筆尖約3厘米(約一寸)

    2、筆桿與作業(yè)本保持六十度的傾斜,掌心虛圓,指關(guān)節(jié)略彎曲。筆桿勿靠于虎口處。

    練字前準(zhǔn)備

    選筆

    練字一般分軟筆和硬筆兩種。顧名思義軟筆即如毛筆這樣的軟質(zhì)筆頭,而硬筆多指鉛筆、鋼筆、圓珠筆這類硬質(zhì)筆頭。我們大多數(shù)人只是希望平時(shí)能寫好字,因此可以直接從硬筆開始練習(xí),無需進(jìn)行毛筆書法練習(xí)。畢竟軟筆字的書寫方法與硬筆字還是有些不同的。

    鉛筆在硬筆里筆頭相較更具韌性,能體現(xiàn)落筆的輕重,進(jìn)而更有利于字帖練字的基礎(chǔ)——控筆技巧的掌握。而鋼筆更能夠體現(xiàn)出書法的筆鋒,能做到頓筆、收筆的區(qū)別,使我們更容易掌握書法的技巧。

    1、鉛筆

    適合兒童和初學(xué)者,有助于表現(xiàn)筆畫粗細(xì),練出筆鋒。

    2、中性筆

    價(jià)廉易取,容易控制,0.7和1.0的筆芯較適合用于練習(xí)。

    3、鋼筆

    最能表現(xiàn)筆畫的頓挫和書寫的節(jié)奏。但鋼筆的出水量比普通筆大,需選擇有一定厚度的紙張進(jìn)行練習(xí)。

    選字帖

    字帖大致分為凹槽字帖和描紅字帖兩種。先說結(jié)論,凹槽字帖是較不推薦的。因?yàn)橛冒疾圩痔氉?,我們只要著筆在字帖上跟著凹槽來回畫就行了,令你很難掌握基礎(chǔ)的控筆技巧,對(duì)練字的幫助就較為有限。而描紅字帖一般也不太推薦使用半透明紙張進(jìn)行描紅,因?yàn)檫@樣你沒法仔細(xì)觀察文字的結(jié)構(gòu)及筆法,我們更建議直接在字帖上描紅練習(xí)。

    選字體

    練字是一個(gè)需要耐心且需要掌握基礎(chǔ)的練習(xí),沒有捷徑可言。我們要先學(xué)會(huì)各個(gè)筆畫筆順的練習(xí),再進(jìn)行楷書練習(xí),最后才能選你喜歡的大師字帖進(jìn)行練習(xí)。因此,如果跳過基礎(chǔ)練習(xí),直接進(jìn)行大師字體臨摹,很可能練習(xí)多年也不得要領(lǐng),寫不出好字。

    正式練字

    每個(gè)年齡段的孩子有不同的寫字要求。

    低年級(jí)

    對(duì)于低年級(jí)的孩子來說,首要的要求是把字寫正確。課后的生字表中會(huì)出示要求會(huì)寫字的筆畫、筆順、部首等,書寫前需要認(rèn)真觀察,看清楚再下筆。剛開始寫時(shí),盡量仿照書中出示的楷體,一筆一畫模仿寫。

    需要特別注意的有:

    1、先看清楚筆順再動(dòng)筆寫,混亂的筆順后期很難糾正!

    2、漢字在田字格中的位置要居中,大小適中,上下左右都要留出一定的位置。

    3、學(xué)會(huì)觀察字的結(jié)構(gòu),如上下結(jié)構(gòu)、左右結(jié)構(gòu)、半包圍結(jié)構(gòu)等,還要注意不同結(jié)構(gòu)的占格,如“你”字左窄右寬,“臥”字左寬右窄。

    4、學(xué)會(huì)觀察重要筆畫。

    一個(gè)字中最長的筆畫及它在田字格中的位置,如“耳”字中最長的橫是第六筆,寫在橫中線下,從左到右微微向上傾斜。

    “目”“垂”這類字中“橫”較多,每橫之間的距離要基本相等。

    左右結(jié)構(gòu)的字會(huì)出現(xiàn)“穿插避讓”,如“林”字左邊的“木”最后一筆要寫成“點(diǎn)”。

    最后一筆為“捺”時(shí),如“八”“木”要特別注意下筆舒展,漸加力至捺腳重按筆出鋒,不能寫成“點(diǎn)”。

    5、低年級(jí)時(shí)對(duì)孩子的要求應(yīng)該是把字寫正確、規(guī)范,而不是過于追求和字帖一樣的美觀,這樣過高的要求可能會(huì)打擊孩子寫字的積極性。如果想引導(dǎo)孩子練出起筆、頓筆、收筆,可以利用和教材配套的字帖,其中會(huì)對(duì)每個(gè)字的筆順、占格、筆畫位置等有較為詳細(xì)的指導(dǎo);也可以將楷體字放大,先引導(dǎo)孩子觀察筆畫的走向、特點(diǎn),再模仿練習(xí)。

    中年級(jí)

    在低年級(jí)把字寫正確的基礎(chǔ)上,中年級(jí)的孩子應(yīng)把重點(diǎn)放在練習(xí)把字寫端正。此時(shí),孩子手部的精細(xì)動(dòng)作得到了進(jìn)一步的發(fā)展,書寫更加熟練、自如,練字的關(guān)注點(diǎn)就可以是如何把一個(gè)字寫美觀,也就是更加注重練習(xí)起筆、行筆、頓筆、收筆等書寫要領(lǐng)。主要的方法還可以延續(xù)臨摹字帖,此時(shí)不建議給孩子用透明類的字帖,這樣的字帖紙張過于輕薄,不便于書寫;此外,離開了下面的“模子”,孩子對(duì)于漢字在田字格中的占位、書寫要領(lǐng)等可能印象并不深刻。

    中年級(jí)孩子開始嘗試用鋼筆練字,由鉛筆到鋼筆的轉(zhuǎn)換,部分孩子可能不適應(yīng),而產(chǎn)生不愿換筆的現(xiàn)象。但其實(shí)一開始寫不好鋼筆字是正常的,正是因?yàn)槿绱?,才更體現(xiàn)出練字的必要性。此時(shí)要注意,不要以圓珠筆代替鋼筆,這樣寫字時(shí)可能更為整潔,但難以達(dá)到提升書寫能力的目的。

    還有一點(diǎn)需要提醒的是,中年級(jí)是孩子錯(cuò)別字的高發(fā)期,此時(shí)用鋼筆書寫難免產(chǎn)生勾畫涂抹的情況,對(duì)于寫錯(cuò)的字,應(yīng)用規(guī)范的刪除符號(hào)“/”劃去,這樣才能保證書面整潔。

    高年級(jí)

    等孩子到高年級(jí),寫字的關(guān)注點(diǎn)就從“一個(gè)字”轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椤耙黄帧?,在寫好每個(gè)字的基礎(chǔ)上,注意字與字之間的間隔,行與行之間的空隙,追求整篇字的美觀。

    還要有意識(shí)地提高寫字的速度,在保證字體規(guī)范、工整的前提下,盡可能快地書寫。這也是需要練習(xí)的,例如看要抄寫的內(nèi)容時(shí)看一句話,而不是每次只看一個(gè)詞或幾個(gè)字;書寫時(shí)不過于追求每個(gè)字的美觀;字體大小適中;保持正確的握筆姿勢;平時(shí)加強(qiáng)識(shí)字寫字練習(xí)等。

    練字步驟

    控筆訓(xùn)練

    從練字的角度,把控筆練習(xí)分為三個(gè)階段:

    第一階段:協(xié)調(diào)力控筆訓(xùn)練。不管細(xì)節(jié),只找感覺,這是為了練習(xí)手腕、手指和筆之間的協(xié)調(diào)能力,糾正勾腕、攥拳等錯(cuò)誤握筆姿勢。

    第二階段:精度控筆訓(xùn)練。按照線條軌跡和粗細(xì)變化進(jìn)行練習(xí),切實(shí)注意起止位置,全面提升大腦對(duì)手部動(dòng)作的控制能力,真正做到手筆合一。

    第三階段:美感控筆訓(xùn)練。按照斐波那契螺旋比例找到黃金分割點(diǎn),按照黃金分割比例將筆畫、偏旁進(jìn)行排列,讓字寫得更美觀。

    擴(kuò)展資料

    首先,筆畫練習(xí)不具備糾正勾腕、攥拳等錯(cuò)誤握筆姿勢的能力。有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)顯示,從筆畫開始練字,我國少年兒童錯(cuò)誤握筆姿勢問題一直居高不下,用力過大、寫字太慢、歪歪扭扭、寫字太累等等,久而久之,甚至造成手指、脊椎發(fā)育出現(xiàn)問題。

    其次,筆畫練習(xí)不具備控筆元素所具有的線條軌跡和粗細(xì)變化,要做到手筆合一,對(duì)于初學(xué)練字者來說,這是難上加難,而具備這種細(xì)微筆畫的拿捏能力之后,練習(xí)筆畫就會(huì)變得水到渠成。一個(gè)控筆元素最多可以用在21個(gè)筆畫上邊,這也是練習(xí)控筆元素優(yōu)于直接練習(xí)筆畫的一個(gè)方面。

    第三,美感訓(xùn)練是控筆元素具備而筆畫無力能及的又一特點(diǎn),經(jīng)過專門的美學(xué)訓(xùn)練,可以非常輕松地按照斐波那契螺旋比例找到黃金分割點(diǎn),按照黃金分割比例將筆畫、偏旁進(jìn)行排列,讓字寫得更美觀。

    基礎(chǔ)筆畫訓(xùn)練

    運(yùn)筆的基本筆法:中鋒、側(cè)鋒、偏鋒、起筆、行筆、收筆、藏鋒、露鋒、提筆、按筆、疾筆、澀筆、轉(zhuǎn)與折。

    美的線條當(dāng)是來龍去脈交待清楚、行筆流暢自如、輕重緩急得當(dāng),呈現(xiàn)出美的形態(tài)與神態(tài),充滿活力,或輕或重、或緩或急、或剛或柔,歸于自然。

    中鋒

    即指中鋒用筆。中鋒運(yùn)筆時(shí),筆尖時(shí)刻保持在線條的中心部位,落紙后,筆尖的方向和筆運(yùn)行的方向在一條直線上。中鋒行筆時(shí),筆尖在筆畫中間,兩邊的筆毫一齊用力,墨跡向兩邊滲透均勻,寫出來的筆畫厚實(shí)、凝練。中鋒在篆書、楷書、隸書中運(yùn)用的特別廣泛。

    側(cè)鋒

    側(cè)鋒又叫做偏鋒,與中鋒相對(duì)。側(cè)鋒用筆,筆入紙后,筆尖的方向與筆運(yùn)行的方向往往呈一個(gè)角度。如寫“橫”時(shí),順鋒豎入,向右下頓筆,此時(shí)筆尖朝左上方,當(dāng)我們向右稍拖帶時(shí),筆的運(yùn)行方向是朝右的,筆尖方向和運(yùn)筆方向就有一個(gè)夾角。側(cè)鋒寫出來的點(diǎn)畫,往往一側(cè)較厚實(shí),一側(cè)較單薄,這與側(cè)鋒是單側(cè)筆毫用力有關(guān)。

    “中鋒取骨,側(cè)鋒取妍”,側(cè)鋒在行、草書中運(yùn)用的很廣。

    起筆、行筆、收筆

    行書的基本筆畫,在書寫時(shí)都有起筆、行筆、收筆三個(gè)過程。所謂起筆,就是書寫筆畫筆尖觸紙時(shí)的下筆;行筆,就是書寫筆畫的中間運(yùn)筆;收筆,就是筆畫書寫結(jié)束時(shí)的用筆。如寫橫畫,左邊起筆,中為行筆,右為收筆,起筆有輕有重,行筆有快有慢,收筆有回有露。

    提筆、按筆

    鋼筆行書的用筆也很講究提按,以增強(qiáng)筆畫的粗細(xì)變化和輕重的節(jié)奏。所謂提筆,就是筆從紙面提起,筆尖觸紙力度小,筆畫要細(xì);所謂按筆,就是筆尖在紙上往下按,筆尖觸紙力度大,筆畫要粗一些。

    翻筆、折筆

    翻筆,一般是向上取逆勢,上一筆接下一筆出現(xiàn)的鉤挑,如“古”字的橫,“人”、“有”的撇,都是用翻筆寫成的。折筆,一般是向下、向右取順勢,如“口”字的橫折、"山"字的豎折,都是用折筆寫成的。不論翻筆、折筆,都要求用筆慢而用力。

    風(fēng)格,指用鋒的深淺。

    使轉(zhuǎn)和方圓

    在書寫的過程中,隨點(diǎn)畫之勢運(yùn)筆,帶來了運(yùn)腕方向上的不斷變化。諸多的變化歸納起來,用“使轉(zhuǎn)”二字便能概括?!翱v橫牽制謂之使,鉤環(huán)盤紆謂之轉(zhuǎn)?!保ㄍ跫洝墩摃罚?。點(diǎn)畫的“遣送”為使,點(diǎn)畫的“交接變向”為轉(zhuǎn)?!笆埂苯詫?shí),“轉(zhuǎn)”有虛,“轉(zhuǎn)”更難。轉(zhuǎn)筆作用很大,極須用意。它即是換筆,又是調(diào)筆,方法也需視情況而變。

    寫字口訣

    小小一點(diǎn)要點(diǎn)好,學(xué)會(huì)頓筆很重要;

    橫要平,豎要直,撇有鋒,捺有腳;

    提鉤要尖折有角,行筆輕快要記牢;

    認(rèn)真練習(xí)功夫到,筆畫健美字才好。

    18個(gè)基本筆畫運(yùn)筆示意圖

    一、長橫

    二、豎畫

    三、撇

    四、點(diǎn)

    五、臥鉤

    六、豎撇

    七、豎彎鉤

    八、平捺

    九、戈鉤

    十、垂露豎

    十一、捺

    十二、豎折

    十三、豎鉤

    十四、提鉤

    十五、撇點(diǎn)

    十六、平撇

    十七、橫撇

    十八、橫折

    偏旁部首訓(xùn)練

    漢字的偏旁部首是指各種點(diǎn)畫的固定搭配,是漢字的結(jié)構(gòu)單位,是構(gòu)成漢字的基礎(chǔ),重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的頻率極高,具有極為普遍的代表性。它們?cè)跐h字中的形態(tài)基本固定,并具有一定的書寫規(guī)律,因此掌握偏旁部首的寫法,狠抓偏旁部首,不失為一條最為有效的捷徑,對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)漢字結(jié)構(gòu)也是一條快捷之路。同時(shí),偏旁部首書寫的正確與否,直接關(guān)系到字形的美觀,所以在學(xué)習(xí)鋼筆書法的結(jié)構(gòu)前,有必要先掌握漢字各種偏旁部首的正確寫法。同時(shí),掌握好一個(gè)偏旁部首,即可舉一反三地運(yùn)用到其他很多字當(dāng)中去,可達(dá)到事半功倍的效果。

    漢字的偏旁部首常用的有82種,一般歸納為:字頭、字底、左偏旁、右偏旁、包圍五大類。

    字頭

    字底

    左偏旁

    右偏旁

    包圍

    認(rèn)識(shí)字形結(jié)構(gòu)

    漢字的結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)稱特點(diǎn),主要是指漢字的字形結(jié)構(gòu)具有幾何學(xué)上的對(duì)稱意義,它的構(gòu)形筆畫或幾部件以某個(gè)線(面)為軸相互折普后或平移后可以左右或上下重聲(完全重普或部分重疊),具有冗余信息或重復(fù)的視覺信息,因此而區(qū)別于其它非結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)稱漢字。

    根據(jù)對(duì)稱的種類及層次,結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)稱漢字具體可細(xì)分為以下幾種情況:

    1、上下部件結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)稱:如呂、昌等。

    2、左右部件結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)稱:如比、林、非等。

    3、內(nèi)外部件結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)稱:如回等。

    4、部分部件結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)稱:如以中間部件為軸對(duì)稱:如辯、斑等;字形下部的部件結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)稱:如麗、翁等;字形上部的部件結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)稱:如叢、琶等;字形左邊的部件結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)稱:如彬等,字形右邊的部件結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)稱:如琳等。

    5、部件多層重疊的結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)稱:如、鑫等。

    6、獨(dú)體字中的結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)稱:如田、中等。據(jù)作者初步統(tǒng)計(jì),在國家語言文字工作委員會(huì)漢字處編的《現(xiàn)代漢語通用字表》(北京:語文出版社,1989)收集的7000個(gè)通用的漢字中,上述各類結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)稱的漢字達(dá)612個(gè),占通用漢字總數(shù)的8.74%。其教學(xué)過程及步驟如下:

    第一階段:形象地顯示自然界的對(duì)稱規(guī)律。大自然中無處不存在著對(duì)稱現(xiàn)象。因此,可采用實(shí)物、圖片、幻燈以及錄象等各種形象的手段,讓學(xué)生了解大自然所表現(xiàn)的種種對(duì)稱性。如雕塑、建筑、植物、動(dòng)物中的對(duì)稱。然后讓學(xué)生到自已的周圍去找各種對(duì)稱的事物。如自己的身體,雙耳、雙眼、雙鼻孔、雙手、雙腳的對(duì)稱,從而使學(xué)生初步感知對(duì)稱的美,并遷移到漢字學(xué)形結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)稱的感知中來。第二階段:直觀地識(shí)別對(duì)稱的基本的獨(dú)體字漢字的字形形象而多變,但大都具有結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)稱的特點(diǎn)。教學(xué)時(shí),可采用直觀形象的圖畫讓學(xué)生體會(huì)漢字的結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)稱的美。由幻燈或 CAI 展示實(shí)物或景象﹣展示古時(shí)的漢字﹣展示演變至今的對(duì)稱漢字﹣揭示其對(duì)稱的規(guī)律。如教左右對(duì)稱的獨(dú)體字“雨”,可首先展示雨景,讓學(xué)生觀察雨點(diǎn)方向,繼而展示一個(gè)古時(shí)的“雨”字,最后展示演變至今的“雨”,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生了解從圖到字中發(fā)現(xiàn)四點(diǎn)的方向是一致的,而如果四點(diǎn)的方向不一,這個(gè)字的整體對(duì)稱美就不能表達(dá)出來。實(shí)際上,學(xué)生在觀察和描述中已感受到這種對(duì)稱美,只不過無法用“對(duì)稱”這個(gè)詞表達(dá)出來。有的上下左右都對(duì)稱的獨(dú)體字如“田、日”等除了采用以上方法,還可以讓學(xué)生通過折折,剪一剪的方法來體會(huì)這種對(duì)稱的規(guī)律。把紙對(duì)折再對(duì)折,畫一個(gè)空心“口”字,再用剪刀剪出這個(gè)字,把這個(gè)“口”字打開來,就是“田”字。第三階段:分類地識(shí)別各種結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)稱的合體字。

    當(dāng)學(xué)生初步感知對(duì)稱這一概念,學(xué)會(huì)了對(duì)稱的獨(dú)體字后,可傳授各種適合這類對(duì)稱漢字的識(shí)字方法,歸類識(shí)別各種對(duì)稱的合體字,并逐步培養(yǎng)學(xué)生獨(dú)立識(shí)別各類對(duì)稱漢字的能力。①字謎法適用于上下、左右、內(nèi)外以及多層重疊對(duì)稱的合體字。學(xué)生對(duì)這類字很感興趣,可讓學(xué)生編字謎,師生互猜字謎來識(shí)別。如“三火是焱,三金是鑫”等等。②顏色標(biāo)注法適用于部分部件對(duì)稱的漢字。可用彩色粉筆標(biāo)出合體中的對(duì)稱部分,如下部對(duì)稱的“翁”字中的“羽”,右邊對(duì)稱的“琳”字中的“林”等等,對(duì)于以中間部件為軸對(duì)稱的字,如班,可用色標(biāo)標(biāo)出其中間部分。③兒歌分解法同樣適用于部分件對(duì)稱的漢字。如“叢”一一左右兩人走鋼絲。另外,當(dāng)學(xué)生掌握了一定的識(shí)字方法后,還可鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生新創(chuàng)各種合適的方法來識(shí)別各種對(duì)稱的生字,激發(fā)學(xué)生字的興趣。

    規(guī)范字書寫練習(xí)

    購買適合自己的字貼進(jìn)行練習(xí)。

    1、司馬彥 | 人教版課課練:字體規(guī)范、人教版教材適用(各年級(jí)都有) 。

    2、金枝葉 | 小學(xué)生生字摹寫本人教版課本同步練字帖:描紅、臨帖結(jié)合 。

    3、華夏萬卷 | 人教版課本同步寫字課字帖:內(nèi)容系統(tǒng)全面(各年級(jí)都有)。

    4、墨點(diǎn) | 衡水體高中英語字帖:衡水體 。

    5、學(xué)才 | 小學(xué)生英語單元同步詞匯:同步詞匯 。

    6、六品堂 | 凹槽行楷/楷書練字帖:凹槽+臨摹。

    7、金枝葉 | 兒童初學(xué)者凹槽練字帖:幼兒、凹槽。

    適合的字帖

    1、清晰

    按照現(xiàn)在的印刷技術(shù),清晰是基本沒有問題的??汕逦袝r(shí)候是假的。有些出版商,為了讓字帖更清晰,更具有迷惑性,在制版的時(shí)候會(huì)將圖片深度銳化。

    2、選擇高端版本

    所謂的高端版本是指初版、第一版印刷的。印刷次數(shù)多了,難免會(huì)有誤差。選擇字帖,應(yīng)該苛刻到“下真跡一等”或者盡可能靠近原作的那種。

    3、選擇全彩色印刷

    高清全彩色印刷的字帖盡管貴一些,但你能從中捕捉和發(fā)現(xiàn)很多信息。諸如原作用的什么紙張,墨色深淺如何等等,好的全彩色字帖,都能看出來線條疊加的痕跡,并能分析出來用筆速度、正確的用筆方法來。

    4、復(fù)制品

    復(fù)制品的概念,可不能簡單理解成印刷品。復(fù)制品,其實(shí)就是按照原大、原色、原樣、原材質(zhì)復(fù)制的,它幾乎可以理解成真跡的克隆品。復(fù)制品的好處就是你幾乎是在面對(duì)真跡。線條的張力,墨色,紙張的顏色,氣息等等字帖所不能表現(xiàn)的因素,它都有。

    5、字帖有標(biāo)明尺寸

    這個(gè)尺寸指的是作品本身的尺寸。只有有了尺寸,才會(huì)判斷出來原作到底有多大,字有多大,線條有多粗,然后才會(huì)明白原作到底有多大的技術(shù)難度。

    %3Chowto_content%3E[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"is_abstract":true},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"我們常說“字如其人”“見字如面”,可見寫一手好字的重要性。特別是在當(dāng)下,越來越多的考試采用答題卡,網(wǎng)上閱卷,字體的清楚、整潔、美觀成為取得優(yōu)異成績的首要條件。因此,在小學(xué)階段練一手好字就顯得尤為必要。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYGSUw6K0GAAmeKLPmmONUc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"寫字習(xí)慣","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6CaigIgAM4Q8C473kBrV4c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"從孩子一年級(jí)學(xué)習(xí)寫字開始,掌握正確的寫字姿勢,養(yǎng)成良好的寫字習(xí)慣,才有助于孩子的身體發(fā)育,視力保護(hù),同時(shí)這也是在為中高年級(jí)孩子較為輕松地提升寫字速度做準(zhǔn)備。   ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUo2uCwkEYcY0yLzLzhFGPP"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"坐姿","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcna08MkIgEYWysYHcm33HH8b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"孩子的坐姿是家長最容易關(guān)注的點(diǎn),要求做到:頭正、肩平、身直、足。其中“足安”可能會(huì)被大家忽略,那就是雙腳自然平放在地上,全腳掌著地,雙腿分開約與肩同寬,此時(shí)孩子的整個(gè)坐姿才是穩(wěn)定的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuKaaeGSwYqqqEdu3mtZFxh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"同時(shí)還要做到“一拳一尺一寸”,也就是身體距桌子一拳,眼睛離課本一尺(約33厘米),握筆手指離筆尖約一寸(約3.3厘米),不含胸駝背。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQGOGmGceaQiU1Lj1VXV9rj"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"坐端正后,還可以提醒孩子將寫字的書本放在書桌正前方的中央,擺正后再來書寫,避免歪歪斜斜地?cái)[放。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKIYIGIAuu0ew0033YFdlvg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在孩子學(xué)習(xí)寫字的初期,家長可以利用兒歌、口訣多加督促提醒,幫助孩子有意識(shí)地養(yǎng)成良好的坐姿習(xí)慣。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniwoWuug46SY0KixxgO3nne"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":337,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"坐姿","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/da0be8e32aaf4ec8b7ab135789bffdc2","width":500},"text":"","id":"doxcnOomI2cMoKsoOeSed5HIHJb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"握筆姿勢","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSsCmyCOIE4oucDue7PQ24d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"握筆姿勢和坐姿要從小抓起。兒童肌肉的發(fā)育是不平衡的,做精細(xì)動(dòng)作的能力較差,握筆寫字是比較費(fèi)勁的。家長要耐心指導(dǎo),幫助孩子掌握正確的握筆方法。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnumMWKqIUuUsySoqEXpcGWc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、首先將大拇指和食指伸出","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKcuQGWIOyaIA0Is7b0bC0g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、倆指輕合成圓環(huán)狀。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnquoCoAEGYQgM2hAslEH5Wh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、筆桿穿過圓環(huán),再由中指從下往上自然挺住,把筆桿固定在三角架中。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncomCkWUgYmm2aSMJTO8xve"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":338,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"握筆姿勢","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/40ea0baa53394179a47f409e4bcaba4f","width":450},"text":"","id":"doxcnIEyu0ygkyyakshk7baK7oc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":" 注意","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6wOCwk6KAOoYqYd0we3pIc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、筆桿放在拇指、食指和中指的三個(gè)指梢之間,食指在前,拇指在左后,中指在右下,食指應(yīng)較拇指低些。手指尖應(yīng)距筆尖約3厘米(約一寸)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnsaOkquAwiKOmakdQkW88Ud"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、筆桿與作業(yè)本保持六十度的傾斜,掌心虛圓,指關(guān)節(jié)略彎曲。筆桿勿靠于虎口處。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQ4yEUM48aOYWspPYl5HUBb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"練字前準(zhǔn)備","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYa2IUeQCWWiSqy0TFL163d"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"選筆","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcna0mikOyeSWSmwx8jTzjFtg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"練字一般分軟筆和硬筆兩種。顧名思義軟筆即如毛筆這樣的軟質(zhì)筆頭,而硬筆多指鉛筆、鋼筆、圓珠筆這類硬質(zhì)筆頭。我們大多數(shù)人只是希望平時(shí)能寫好字,因此可以直接從硬筆開始練習(xí),無需進(jìn)行毛筆書法練習(xí)。畢竟軟筆字的書寫方法與硬筆字還是有些不同的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnW0osQ4288OwYotIKVoCmph"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"鉛筆在硬筆里筆頭相較更具韌性,能體現(xiàn)落筆的輕重,進(jìn)而更有利于字帖練字的基礎(chǔ)——控筆技巧的掌握。而鋼筆更能夠體現(xiàn)出書法的筆鋒,能做到頓筆、收筆的區(qū)別,使我們更容易掌握書法的技巧。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnkUA20K4CYQSGMHJ2p1tcWg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、鉛筆","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAWUumGSui20Q4JvZmOHv2f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"適合兒童和初學(xué)者,有助于表現(xiàn)筆畫粗細(xì),練出筆鋒。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnso2UaOsWgCG8dMK96DWOK6"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":201,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"選筆","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/4a2ee06490d1480fa4e9e29cae7fa668","width":377},"text":"","id":"doxcnMQeUC6ymCy4OKwsXCTZvxd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、中性筆","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAmqYaWcUm0caGOIBGwBZhd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"價(jià)廉易取,容易控制,0.7和1.0的筆芯較適合用于練習(xí)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOsE4koe2y2YMoFwXH2rr2d"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":297,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"選筆","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6eca07bb4b0c4978a6c7641acab86a98","width":335},"text":"","id":"doxcnaA08C8QUYkIIIpPPXQP8Tf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、鋼筆","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmeg8UG06CqsguQol2jET7d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"最能表現(xiàn)筆畫的頓挫和書寫的節(jié)奏。但鋼筆的出水量比普通筆大,需選擇有一定厚度的紙張進(jìn)行練習(xí)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnkSMsousI6Kgk0ubl7gkfTd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":800,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"選筆","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6cef259df9264645830aeebd3fde9f9d","width":800},"text":"","id":"doxcnM4c0mw0g4OYgSMJRTSUX8b"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"選字帖","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmigIkqCWuGSamwq0oZQaFh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"字帖大致分為凹槽字帖和描紅字帖兩種。先說結(jié)論,凹槽字帖是較不推薦的。因?yàn)橛冒疾圩痔氉郑覀冎灰P在字帖上跟著凹槽來回畫就行了,令你很難掌握基礎(chǔ)的控筆技巧,對(duì)練字的幫助就較為有限。而描紅字帖一般也不太推薦使用半透明紙張進(jìn)行描紅,因?yàn)檫@樣你沒法仔細(xì)觀察文字的結(jié)構(gòu)及筆法,我們更建議直接在字帖上描紅練習(xí)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniawgc6moE8SgorYcMFuhmb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":383,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"選字帖","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/42f777a6210f4397b3b764adf4a4385f","width":440},"text":"","id":"doxcnisYYYg44ssuyYvwSPIOUMg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"選字體","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuQmq0QiQqmSyiq1EKkneJb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"練字是一個(gè)需要耐心且需要掌握基礎(chǔ)的練習(xí),沒有捷徑可言。我們要先學(xué)會(huì)各個(gè)筆畫筆順的練習(xí),再進(jìn)行楷書練習(xí),最后才能選你喜歡的大師字帖進(jìn)行練習(xí)。因此,如果跳過基礎(chǔ)練習(xí),直接進(jìn)行大師字體臨摹,很可能練習(xí)多年也不得要領(lǐng),寫不出好字。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcni0EUGYMoSOkecNYrR1ArFb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":407,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"選字體","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/e7e6d807f5c14347893361b24dfc8ab6","width":304},"text":"","id":"doxcn44UwooIImcyqQtjtGUeXeg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"正式練字","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOCaYoIui4YY2a0AN7E9pXc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"每個(gè)年齡段的孩子有不同的寫字要求。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnugE6IiiQSEUC416F5qlgrh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"低年級(jí)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8kAa48musqYKwrbVRh1HTe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"對(duì)于低年級(jí)的孩子來說,首要的要求是把字寫正確。課后的生字表中會(huì)出示要求會(huì)寫字的筆畫、筆順、部首等,書寫前需要認(rèn)真觀察,看清楚再下筆。剛開始寫時(shí),盡量仿照書中出示的楷體,一筆一畫模仿寫。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngeEcKqmiUAYYGCKuKNk6kc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"需要特別注意的有:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAiogUSieK84eQhxZqjXple"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、先看清楚筆順再動(dòng)筆寫,混亂的筆順后期很難糾正!","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcny466KKKCYCGYKetveQadHf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、漢字在田字格中的位置要居中,大小適中,上下左右都要留出一定的位置。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngEQyWsqoWueIcpPn5kUN4b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"學(xué)會(huì)觀察字的結(jié)構(gòu),如上下結(jié)構(gòu)、左右結(jié)構(gòu)、半包圍結(jié)構(gòu)等,還要注意不同結(jié)構(gòu)的占格,如“你”字左窄右寬,“臥”字左寬右窄。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAaYsy28MGmQS2A9BWpdig6"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":181,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"低年級(jí)","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/bda8ac7f60cb4f11afca3dae973d1c02","width":183},"text":"","id":"doxcnwcwKE2ISyOeWCkGI6yRLab"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":153,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"低年級(jí)","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/41288038d5884c91bb2a7c561d50164a","width":163},"text":"","id":"doxcnS4eAwAmm4iQem6SPYBeygd"}],"text":"","id":"doxcnoSQEmWEEU8IGa4KUeDDZlh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、學(xué)會(huì)觀察重要筆畫。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnoSQEmWEEU8IGa4KUeDDZlh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"一個(gè)字中最長的筆畫及它在田字格中的位置,如“耳”字中最長的橫是第六筆,寫在橫中線下,從左到右微微向上傾斜。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGWkw2CY2YUyc9kS9lkUcLC"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":250,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"低年級(jí)","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b2bbf859a6f8474c89880b10adb1c40a","width":250},"text":"","id":"doxcnmwwkSa4k060yYv8dHXEwkd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"“目”“垂”這類字中“橫”較多,每橫之間的距離要基本相等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwoU8ECKa4Am2yGFBQyeEy2"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":264,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"低年級(jí)","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/2986071275094ea0937932171ac4f08c","width":330},"text":"","id":"doxcnqaiGcEeUsKocWYjWtioNwf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"左右結(jié)構(gòu)的字會(huì)出現(xiàn)“穿插避讓”,如“林”字左邊的“木”最后一筆要寫成“點(diǎn)”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnS0gUgUEw6CMAq2zlMVc3Ke"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":268,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"低年級(jí)","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/bbee03d318eb4d8e9f65c222fd2e2749","width":267},"text":"","id":"doxcncQae4QcqMawmwbVYEFtHQg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"最后一筆為“捺”時(shí),如“八”“木”要特別注意下筆舒展,漸加力至捺腳重按筆出鋒,不能寫成“點(diǎn)”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnkSaSOkq0Sck20giJXqN4zg"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":256,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"低年級(jí)","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/500533f48863411288b73882e4800640","width":337},"text":"","id":"doxcnCQG2QQ82aauiYd6WZOpV70"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":500,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"低年級(jí)","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/339c85948dc1479e9194d4d15ec53028","width":500},"text":"","id":"doxcnu8wE0eOwEiEu2WnWdXJolB"}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMIiICIAIsec6UFiSNXcl8g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、低年級(jí)時(shí)對(duì)孩子的要求應(yīng)該是把字寫正確、規(guī)范,而不是過于追求和字帖一樣的美觀,這樣過高的要求可能會(huì)打擊孩子寫字的積極性。如果想引導(dǎo)孩子練出起筆、頓筆、收筆,可以利用和教材配套的字帖,其中會(huì)對(duì)每個(gè)字的筆順、占格、筆畫位置等有較為詳細(xì)的指導(dǎo);也可以將楷體字放大,先引導(dǎo)孩子觀察筆畫的走向、特點(diǎn),再模仿練習(xí)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMIiICIAIsec6UFiSNXcl8g"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"中年級(jí)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnay8USSG0MUEQwv3u1opETd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在低年級(jí)把字寫正確的基礎(chǔ)上,中年級(jí)的孩子應(yīng)把重點(diǎn)放在練習(xí)把字寫端正。此時(shí),孩子手部的精細(xì)動(dòng)作得到了進(jìn)一步的發(fā)展,書寫更加熟練、自如,練字的關(guān)注點(diǎn)就可以是如何把一個(gè)字寫美觀,也就是更加注重練習(xí)起筆、行筆、頓筆、收筆等書寫要領(lǐng)。主要的方法還可以延續(xù)臨摹字帖,此時(shí)不建議給孩子用透明類的字帖,這樣的字帖紙張過于輕薄,不便于書寫;此外,離開了下面的“模子”,孩子對(duì)于漢字在田字格中的占位、書寫要領(lǐng)等可能印象并不深刻。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngGc8U8cmwsiWMrFoDaob5f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"中年級(jí)孩子開始嘗試用鋼筆練字,由鉛筆到鋼筆的轉(zhuǎn)換,部分孩子可能不適應(yīng),而產(chǎn)生不愿換筆的現(xiàn)象。但其實(shí)一開始寫不好鋼筆字是正常的,正是因?yàn)槿绱?,才更體現(xiàn)出練字的必要性。此時(shí)要注意,不要以圓珠筆代替鋼筆,這樣寫字時(shí)可能更為整潔,但難以達(dá)到提升書寫能力的目的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncoYsIEyiWEw8aYJxtOxP0b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"還有一點(diǎn)需要提醒的是,中年級(jí)是孩子錯(cuò)別字的高發(fā)期,此時(shí)用鋼筆書寫難免產(chǎn)生勾畫涂抹的情況,對(duì)于寫錯(cuò)的字,應(yīng)用規(guī)范的刪除符號(hào)“/”劃去,這樣才能保證書面整潔。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncoAImC0KogQgqOJph9p7gc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"高年級(jí)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnm4SQIkoiSU4IUpo7iSu68e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"等孩子到高年級(jí),寫字的關(guān)注點(diǎn)就從“一個(gè)字”轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)?quot;,"id":""},{"type":"text","text":"“一篇字”","id":""},{"type":"text","text":",在寫好每個(gè)字的基礎(chǔ)上,注意字與字之間的間隔,行與行之間的空隙,追求整篇字的美觀。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKguAAMKU602YSF9hNTxFcb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"還要有意識(shí)地提高寫字的速度,在保證字體規(guī)范、工整的前提下,盡可能快地書寫。這也是需要練習(xí)的,例如看要抄寫的內(nèi)容時(shí)看一句話,而不是每次只看一個(gè)詞或幾個(gè)字;書寫時(shí)不過于追求每個(gè)字的美觀;字體大小適中;保持正確的握筆姿勢;平時(shí)加強(qiáng)識(shí)字寫字練習(xí)等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnamWQuaGagUY0ghN11D4Vxb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":474,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"高年級(jí)","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/730d364781dc4f8797d49ba751efc839","width":356},"text":"","id":"doxcnMMGsmWmqKse647ZSlt9JXg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"練字步驟","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8weoyUkG8G4k0o7a4FKftc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"控筆訓(xùn)練","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUUgqWC4ec02e4sNAebFOfe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"從練字的角度,把控筆練習(xí)分為三個(gè)階段:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCGM64YaYMOKegR8CkxUXpg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"第一階段:協(xié)調(diào)力控筆訓(xùn)練。不管細(xì)節(jié),只找感覺,這是為了練習(xí)手腕、手指和筆之間的協(xié)調(diào)能力,糾正勾腕、攥拳等錯(cuò)誤握筆姿勢。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnScumSaSQc8I2cbLhMEjYS5"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"第二階段:精度控筆訓(xùn)練。按照線條軌跡和粗細(xì)變化進(jìn)行練習(xí),切實(shí)注意起止位置,全面提升大腦對(duì)手部動(dòng)作的控制能力,真正做到手筆合一。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnykaieqqIm22kmMGcZ8TQ9f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"第三階段:美感控筆訓(xùn)練。按照斐波那契螺旋比例找到黃金分割點(diǎn),按照黃金分割比例將筆畫、偏旁進(jìn)行排列,讓字寫得更美觀。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQgsiOgu8cUE6wQftgx81hb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"擴(kuò)展資料","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuEW2CGGGY8KwsJrmam4Z1g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"首先,筆畫練習(xí)不具備糾正勾腕、攥拳等錯(cuò)誤握筆姿勢的能力。有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)顯示,從筆畫開始練字,我國少年兒童錯(cuò)誤握筆姿勢問題一直居高不下,用力過大、寫字太慢、歪歪扭扭、寫字太累等等,久而久之,甚至造成手指、脊椎發(fā)育出現(xiàn)問題。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMUS2I6YYOKQc7ppj1vnCF9"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"其次,筆畫練習(xí)不具備控筆元素所具有的線條軌跡和粗細(xì)變化,要做到手筆合一,對(duì)于初學(xué)練字者來說,這是難上加難,而具備這種細(xì)微筆畫的拿捏能力之后,練習(xí)筆畫就會(huì)變得水到渠成。一個(gè)控筆元素最多可以用在21個(gè)筆畫上邊,這也是練習(xí)控筆元素優(yōu)于直接練習(xí)筆畫的一個(gè)方面。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOiO0Uiw8qUYUUh2bSCmCHf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"第三,美感訓(xùn)練是控筆元素具備而筆畫無力能及的又一特點(diǎn),經(jīng)過專門的美學(xué)訓(xùn)練,可以非常輕松地按照斐波那契螺旋比例找到黃金分割點(diǎn),按照黃金分割比例將筆畫、偏旁進(jìn)行排列,讓字寫得更美觀。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn68I8WWSuOueCiMlTz6kiBb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"基礎(chǔ)筆畫訓(xùn)練","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGsmQqqAQGAISCoqdn1EvSc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"運(yùn)筆的基本筆法:中鋒、側(cè)鋒、偏鋒、起筆、行筆、收筆、藏鋒、露鋒、提筆、按筆、疾筆、澀筆、轉(zhuǎn)與折。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWCOMiuWSoUg2KuTvzxHZxd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"美的線條當(dāng)是來龍去脈交待清楚、行筆流暢自如、輕重緩急得當(dāng),呈現(xiàn)出美的形態(tài)與神態(tài),充滿活力,或輕或重、或緩或急、或剛或柔,歸于自然。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwu0qo4QwSMuImmlMIbXNCb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"中鋒","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnsCYSgwSaMqUiy6IVl9H3Bc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"即指中鋒用筆。中鋒運(yùn)筆時(shí),筆尖時(shí)刻保持在線條的中心部位,落紙后,筆尖的方向和筆運(yùn)行的方向在一條直線上。中鋒行筆時(shí),筆尖在筆畫中間,兩邊的筆毫一齊用力,墨跡向兩邊滲透均勻,寫出來的筆畫厚實(shí)、凝練。中鋒在篆書、楷書、隸書中運(yùn)用的特別廣泛。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneUYeeCi6a0SiqWBtkhbRxc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"側(cè)鋒","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnyIuykMO8iAMkWzi34ISNhb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"側(cè)鋒又叫做偏鋒,與中鋒相對(duì)。側(cè)鋒用筆,筆入紙后,筆尖的方向與筆運(yùn)行的方向往往呈一個(gè)角度。如寫“橫”時(shí),順鋒豎入,向右下頓筆,此時(shí)筆尖朝左上方,當(dāng)我們向右稍拖帶時(shí),筆的運(yùn)行方向是朝右的,筆尖方向和運(yùn)筆方向就有一個(gè)夾角。側(cè)鋒寫出來的點(diǎn)畫,往往一側(cè)較厚實(shí),一側(cè)較單薄,這與側(cè)鋒是單側(cè)筆毫用力有關(guān)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnaQcMMwiGEqS0kre8o9Pted"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"“中鋒取骨,側(cè)鋒取妍”,側(cè)鋒在行、草書中運(yùn)用的很廣。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnsQIMIyemC0O8MpOfQGOUqf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"起筆、行筆、收筆","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnsEQIaSqwU8iicX9ytmvwXb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"行書的基本筆畫,在書寫時(shí)都有起筆、行筆、收筆三個(gè)過程。所謂起筆,就是書寫筆畫筆尖觸紙時(shí)的下筆;行筆,就是書寫筆畫的中間運(yùn)筆;收筆,就是筆畫書寫結(jié)束時(shí)的用筆。如寫橫畫,左邊起筆,中為行筆,右為收筆,起筆有輕有重,行筆有快有慢,收筆有回有露。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCCASE2aoyc8YCKhjfUc3Jd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"提筆、按筆 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniOWuiskk4Oek8hwdJEJrNf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"鋼筆行書的用筆也很講究提按,以增強(qiáng)筆畫的粗細(xì)變化和輕重的節(jié)奏。所謂提筆,就是筆從紙面提起,筆尖觸紙力度小,筆畫要細(xì);所謂按筆,就是筆尖在紙上往下按,筆尖觸紙力度大,筆畫要粗一些。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnawAukQQSKk68cFRQcBDmee"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"翻筆、折筆 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcna4Qi46YII0Mw8PdAqUCgte"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"翻筆,一般是向上取逆勢,上一筆接下一筆出現(xiàn)的鉤挑,如“古”字的橫,“人”、“有”的撇,都是用翻筆寫成的。折筆,一般是向下、向右取順勢,如“口”字的橫折、\\"山\\"字的豎折,都是用折筆寫成的。不論翻筆、折筆,都要求用筆慢而用力。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6OoQuMo44QoocV7fMpbnmc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"風(fēng)格,指用鋒的深淺。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0sAqCwYqqgegWS6GCV7Y2g"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"使轉(zhuǎn)和方圓 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4gUWiSMAEesQC07vayZWlf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在書寫的過程中,隨點(diǎn)畫之勢運(yùn)筆,帶來了運(yùn)腕方向上的不斷變化。諸多的變化歸納起來,用“使轉(zhuǎn)”二字便能概括?!翱v橫牽制謂之使,鉤環(huán)盤紆謂之轉(zhuǎn)。”(王紱《論書》)。點(diǎn)畫的“遣送”為使,點(diǎn)畫的“交接變向”為轉(zhuǎn)。“使”皆實(shí),“轉(zhuǎn)”有虛,“轉(zhuǎn)”更難。轉(zhuǎn)筆作用很大,極須用意。它即是換筆,又是調(diào)筆,方法也需視情況而變。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnK2ACiiaOKqmYmaHvNHikCd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"寫字口訣","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWaukGqCGS26gKOTlhW9rJf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"小小一點(diǎn)要點(diǎn)好,學(xué)會(huì)頓筆很重要;","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSgEOsmc4AEeGGsXifw8d9d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"橫要平,豎要直,撇有鋒,捺有腳;","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQC6sg8UgIUauGADpgOa1Od"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"提鉤要尖折有角,行筆輕快要記牢;","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnM4WA8CKkGeuuIbQ3EHh5ch"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"認(rèn)真練習(xí)功夫到,筆畫健美字才好。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKC4MuKOWEWE0wr5jdfeGih"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"18個(gè)基本筆畫運(yùn)筆示意圖","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIkOUUo2iQ0yOUpIDcwJKGf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"一、長橫","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcng6gaaqa846CqaewLCFOKre"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":411,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"寫字口訣","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/21fd95c3ce7e47718003a533aa8ac251","width":475},"text":"","id":"doxcnqQ6Y42IsSuEoOo7aZSnHUb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"二、豎畫","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOqAK6i4286MOi6DlK7gKSf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":396,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"寫字口訣","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6cec30bac1c74c779a94ac516816bd9f","width":498},"text":"","id":"doxcnk0e8gMs8MI6us1uJTtb3Fg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"三、撇","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn22yswookeokESiNVl00Tkd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":402,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"寫字口訣","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/98ac21736f5745499b1b64b4f40b1322","width":441},"text":"","id":"doxcna262kqIaQ4iC0KpjpMnRrh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnK4aaKqsYYQ2WO2z2vtZRkh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"四、點(diǎn)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2YI6QsKsYEEgMnlnnuy42e"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":399,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"寫字口訣","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b53798eca6344b61a0566084ab985059","width":552},"text":"","id":"doxcnceCIMCEU4musp1Tk2B7fEX"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKkuKmYAYwAaU2TlhKDBFUh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"五、臥鉤","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmWMcumuiCyOeOWCNwRHOvd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":480,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"寫字口訣","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/9781ff91f8f6414091b740f4fcaaed1c","width":507},"text":"","id":"doxcnUCqk8gaqAIoshJ4Zfdortw"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"六、豎撇","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmqC2KSYOo26WwxYoqxMdtg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":487,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"寫字口訣","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/f5892b20b8e041318bd0afa228b21876","width":567},"text":"","id":"doxcnwOkoSag4EEOk8dsczFAz2g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"七、豎彎鉤","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIaoK0KscSk040UEM6FRR4f"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":440,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"寫字口訣","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/9e3a2000f54843cc87e499a98ca71d0e","width":589},"text":"","id":"doxcn8ySEmk0SOGiGqmmPDDXrtl"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"八、平捺","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcni46GQI28aEsGCKtaVsb6ld"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":389,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"寫字口訣","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/715abe136b4f4159844bb2799eb48dfe","width":573},"text":"","id":"doxcnYWoggUy6864Y4EDv3qomVb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"九、戈鉤","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUkY664Gs4uSAakTISbCqUd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":530,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"寫字口訣","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/81108067aeb44b28867b2ed98bcbdc81","width":583},"text":"","id":"doxcnQa4e2eueEOc8QFB57L0xDd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"十、垂露豎","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcny0asqeqekGmOOSJ1cqBjIb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":500,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"寫字口訣","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/f56a14e90f9f4877a8bdde84c949b6d5","width":565},"text":"","id":"doxcnmms08wK4G0QiGyyi5z04ng"},{"type":"pa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字頭","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSG0MmAy6Y6q4COqC7gYflb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":204,"note":[{"type":"text","text":" 字頭","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/01e2db40252e4cb186a36a130f606fbf","width":542},"text":"","id":"doxcn8Guq8gCSaIwikBwrM4Wa3m"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"字底","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnESqUCWEG0YgyK58XSWFicR"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":238,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"字底","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/1450781ac3b74636b55dec3e9c161cd1","width":538},"text":"","id":"doxcnUaIwiWYO8Go0APqhD2X6qg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"左偏旁","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0okWIamCukY2K4gMCZsRHc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":321,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"左偏旁","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/d881835be71747d0926906d6b12d173a","width":530},"text":"","id":"doxcngAimWYk20cog00pjwka9sd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"右偏旁","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4EoQWowKeUKwMvxaNT2prd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":212,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"右偏旁","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/58dbaf9e34a74e53be3bae55277ffe31","width":508},"text":"","id":"doxcnmSwyu4k4IMOAEDbDdqRJQf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"包圍","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCqAIaUEK4mWaI9YifgkP1f"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":294,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"包圍","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/7f42005e2b1d4a6b8f5cf238614a9e57","width":544},"text":"","id":"doxcnCEM6wag4SyQwPTbv6cjoJB"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"認(rèn)識(shí)字形結(jié)構(gòu)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngiwkcyKIIE2WG8WU0HxJwb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"漢字的結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)稱特點(diǎn),主要是指漢字的字形結(jié)構(gòu)具有幾何學(xué)上的對(duì)稱意義,它的構(gòu)形筆畫或幾部件以某個(gè)線(面)為軸相互折普后或平移后可以左右或上下重聲(完全重普或部分重疊),具有冗余信息或重復(fù)的視覺信息,因此而區(qū)別于其它非結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)稱漢字。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2uuOWsI4EGWUuOhz6ObFvc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"根據(jù)對(duì)稱的種類及層次,結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)稱漢字具體可細(xì)分為以下幾種情況:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncYUk4c0GcQIeOC2lbs0i0e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、上下部件結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)稱:如呂、昌等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnkgIOkSuMeqwwQj6Jwhnz4d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、左右部件結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)稱:如比、林、非等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnA6e62sKWUCiUUJcJcqpQ9b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、內(nèi)外部件結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)稱:如回等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcns8uWkyUCoAmi27hTDw5Tcb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、部分部件結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)稱:如以中間部件為軸對(duì)稱:如辯、斑等;字形下部的部件結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)稱:如麗、翁等;字形上部的部件結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)稱:如叢、琶等;字形左邊的部件結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)稱:如彬等,字形右邊的部件結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)稱:如琳等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEAYgEAU606oAMnBJpJW3qf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、部件多層重疊的結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)稱:如、鑫等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniaKeUGIkq0a8IpVYnPPUBc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、獨(dú)體字中的結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)稱:如田、中等。\\\據(jù)作者初步統(tǒng)計(jì),在國家語言文字工作委員會(huì)漢字處編的《現(xiàn)代漢語通用字表》(北京:語文出版社,1989)收集的7000個(gè)通用的漢字中,上述各類結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)稱的漢字達(dá)612個(gè),占通用漢字總數(shù)的8.74%。\\\","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"其教學(xué)過程及步驟如下:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncOsIUey4Em6aAxFxlJVXJh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"第一階段:形象地顯示自然界的對(duì)稱規(guī)律。\\\大自然中無處不存在著對(duì)稱現(xiàn)象。因此,可采用實(shí)物、圖片、幻燈以及錄象等各種形象的手段,讓學(xué)生了解大自然所表現(xiàn)的種種對(duì)稱性。如雕塑、建筑、植物、動(dòng)物中的對(duì)稱。然后讓學(xué)生到自已的周圍去找各種對(duì)稱的事物。如自己的身體,雙耳、雙眼、雙鼻孔、雙手、雙腳的對(duì)稱,從而使學(xué)生初步感知對(duì)稱的美,并遷移到漢字學(xué)形結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)稱的感知中來。\\\第二階段:直觀地識(shí)別對(duì)稱的基本的獨(dú)體字\\\漢字的字形形象而多變,但大都具有結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)稱的特點(diǎn)。教學(xué)時(shí),可采用直觀形象的圖畫讓學(xué)生體會(huì)漢字的結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)稱的美。由幻燈或 CAI 展示實(shí)物或景象﹣展示古時(shí)的漢字﹣展示演變至今的對(duì)稱漢字﹣揭示其對(duì)稱的規(guī)律。如教左右對(duì)稱的獨(dú)體字“雨”,可首先展示雨景,讓學(xué)生觀察雨點(diǎn)方向,繼而展示一個(gè)古時(shí)的“雨”字,最后展示演變至今的“雨”,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生了解從圖到字中發(fā)現(xiàn)四點(diǎn)的方向是一致的,而如果四點(diǎn)的方向不一,這個(gè)字的整體對(duì)稱美就不能表達(dá)出來。實(shí)際上,學(xué)生在觀察和描述中已感受到這種對(duì)稱美,只不過無法用“對(duì)稱”這個(gè)詞表達(dá)出來。有的上下左右都對(duì)稱的獨(dú)體字如“田、日”等除了采用以上方法,還可以讓學(xué)生通過折折,剪一剪的方法來體會(huì)這種對(duì)稱的規(guī)律。把紙對(duì)折再對(duì)折,畫一個(gè)空心“口”字,再用剪刀剪出這個(gè)字,把這個(gè)“口”字打開來,就是“田”字。\\\","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"第三階段:分類地識(shí)別各種結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)稱的合體字。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGQooykMiOKO8e24T9CoJ1e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"當(dāng)學(xué)生初步感知對(duì)稱這一概念,學(xué)會(huì)了對(duì)稱的獨(dú)體字后,可傳授各種適合這類對(duì)稱漢字的識(shí)字方法,歸類識(shí)別各種對(duì)稱的合體字,并逐步培養(yǎng)學(xué)生獨(dú)立識(shí)別各類對(duì)稱漢字的能力。\\\①字謎法\\\適用于上下、左右、內(nèi)外以及多層重疊對(duì)稱的合體字。學(xué)生對(duì)這類字很感興趣,可讓學(xué)生編字謎,師生互猜字謎來識(shí)別。如“三火是焱,三金是鑫”等等。\\\②顏色標(biāo)注法\\\適用于部分部件對(duì)稱的漢字??捎貌噬酃P標(biāo)出合體中的對(duì)稱部分,如下部對(duì)稱的“翁”字中的“羽”,右邊對(duì)稱的“琳”字中的“林”等等,對(duì)于以中間部件為軸對(duì)稱的字,如班,可用色標(biāo)標(biāo)出其中間部分。\\\③兒歌分解法\\\同樣適用于部分件對(duì)稱的漢字。如“叢”一一左右兩人走鋼絲。\\\","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"另外,當(dāng)學(xué)生掌握了一定的識(shí)字方法后,還可鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生新創(chuàng)各種合適的方法來識(shí)別各種對(duì)稱的生字,激發(fā)學(xué)生字的興趣。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnW2wW4ekqqg0k4I5erDaOZd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"規(guī)范字書寫練習(xí)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQSoi62qaqcqKETbVuo7DKe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"購買適合自己的","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"字貼","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"進(jìn)行練習(xí)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmGsAIgaW4KMIAvAT02qNnc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、司馬彥 | 人教版課課練:字體規(guī)范、人教版教材適用(各年級(jí)都有) 。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnagCQGK4sg8eG0Sny0Qf3Fb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、金枝葉 | 小學(xué)生生字摹寫本人教版課本同步練字帖:描紅、臨帖結(jié)合 。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEYA8QK0QSksE4W4LgUV6Td"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、華夏萬卷 | 人教版課本同步寫字課字帖:內(nèi)容系統(tǒng)全面(各年級(jí)都有)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcns2IGo2yWUUCEUXF7cpsH8d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 4、墨點(diǎn) | 衡水體高中英語字帖:衡水體 。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnaUegKse6iYmEEF6zFqXSrd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、學(xué)才 | 小學(xué)生英語單元同步詞匯:同步詞匯 。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcng8uesMou8YyYKo0cpoTzce"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、六品堂 | 凹槽行楷/楷書練字帖:凹槽+臨摹。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnksOKKkW2OSqwELVsHfHjig"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7、金枝葉 | 兒童初學(xué)者凹槽練字帖:幼兒、凹槽。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGIyOsg8CwuM8AT8yfHAERh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"適合的字帖","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIAacyyEQ0icaS43XlEMTjc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、清晰","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnE6w8OSC6QquAAbCTfY7VYg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"按照現(xiàn)在的印刷技術(shù),清晰是基本沒有問題的??汕逦袝r(shí)候是假的。有些出版商,為了讓字帖更清晰,更具有迷惑性,在制版的時(shí)候會(huì)將圖片深度銳化。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuOcGEyAM4qigUbD8yrG8Vh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、選擇高端版本","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqE0YYgSWy4COC2zuiBkCkb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"所謂的高端版本是指初版、第一版印刷的。印刷次數(shù)多了,難免會(huì)有誤差。選擇字帖,應(yīng)該苛刻到“下真跡一等”或者盡可能靠近原作的那種。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmOUUmgYqoa2iaidNaKeBrb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、選擇全彩色印刷","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnm6k6qECsGM4gisaohkg4kb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"高清全彩色印刷的字帖盡管貴一些,但你能從中捕捉和發(fā)現(xiàn)很多信息。諸如原作用的什么紙張,墨色深淺如何等等,好的全彩色字帖,都能看出來線條疊加的痕跡,并能分析出來用筆速度、正確的用筆方法來。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMuIWewGioQsA4hTgmUqB9f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、復(fù)制品","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneYow4u4uSYoeQrM2TOVnie"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"復(fù)制品的概念,可不能簡單理解成印刷品。復(fù)制品,其實(shí)就是按照原大、原色、原樣、原材質(zhì)復(fù)制的,它幾乎可以理解成真跡的克隆品。復(fù)制品的好處就是你幾乎是在面對(duì)真跡。線條的張力,墨色,紙張的顏色,氣息等等字帖所不能表現(xiàn)的因素,它都有。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6qAWyuyY0U6Kk844s91Ku1"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、字帖有標(biāo)明尺寸","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCIMAyMkWqOCsAzUWphtQ4f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"這個(gè)尺寸指的是作品本身的尺寸。只有有了尺寸,才會(huì)判斷出來原作到底有多大,字有多大,線條有多粗,然后才會(huì)明白原作到底有多大的技術(shù)難度。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnW2yMs0gIUWCOyW36xeqsmK"}]%3C%2Fhowto_content%3E"

    5262和592速比有什么優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)?

    優(yōu)點(diǎn):與傳統(tǒng)橋相比,同等載貨情況下漢德橋更輕2%以上,同時(shí)傳動(dòng)效率達(dá)到了94.5%以上,提升了0.5%,其次是超長的換油周期,10公里才需要更換,輪邊50萬公里免維護(hù),大大節(jié)省開支

    缺點(diǎn):比較貴

    雅馬哈ax-592功放參數(shù)?

    雅馬哈ax-592功放配置參數(shù)是,使用時(shí)配100瓦音箱。帶AB組喇叭。多重聲場選擇。功率應(yīng)該是左右聲道各120瓦凈功率配遙控器。雅馬哈的這個(gè)功放屬于AV功放帶杜比定向環(huán)繞系統(tǒng)五聲道另外一個(gè)聲道是加重低音用的,也帶DTS解碼器六組信號(hào)輸入有一條光纖輸入系統(tǒng)。

    匯納592是不是金屬齒輪?

    不是,匯納593好,挖斗為合金材質(zhì),其他為塑料,會(huì)很有金屬光澤。硬度很高,強(qiáng)度也很高,而挖掘機(jī)的履帶也是加厚款,一看就有一種很厚重的感覺,抓地力很強(qiáng),在沙土上面,也很穩(wěn),沒有翻車過。

    挖掘機(jī)的大臂、小臂、挖斗和操作臺(tái)都可以各自獨(dú)立操控,也能同時(shí)操控,從底盤到大臂、小臂和挖斗的關(guān)節(jié)點(diǎn),很輕巧靈敏

    匯納592和593哪個(gè)好?

    匯納593好,挖斗為合金材質(zhì),其他為塑料,會(huì)很有金屬光澤。硬度很高,強(qiáng)度也很高,而挖掘機(jī)的履帶也是加厚款,一看就有一種很厚重的感覺,抓地力很強(qiáng),在沙土上面,也很穩(wěn),沒有翻車過。

    挖掘機(jī)的大臂、小臂、挖斗和操作臺(tái)都可以各自獨(dú)立操控,也能同時(shí)操控,從底盤到大臂、小臂和挖斗的關(guān)節(jié)點(diǎn),很輕巧靈敏

    浪琴592是什么機(jī)芯?

    浪琴592的基礎(chǔ)機(jī)芯,就是女版的ETA2892,比561更輕薄更美觀。是比較高端的浪琴的小款機(jī)芯,而592是595型的升級(jí)版。L592將595的單項(xiàng)上鏈改成了雙向,緩解了小機(jī)芯上鏈效率低的問題,鉆數(shù)增加了了2鉆,自動(dòng)陀變成了浪琴標(biāo)志性的鏤空狀。并采用了NIVACHOC避震。


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